植物营养与肥料学报201319(6）：1403-1410 Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi=10.11674/zwyf.2013.0614
“薄浅湿晒”灌溉稻田土壤微生物量碳、氮
和酶活性研究梁蒸菲，张潇满，李伏生*（广西大学农学院，南宁530005）
碳（MBC）、微生物量氮（MBN）、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌数量和酶活性的影响，以探讨该灌溉方式下土壤微生物活性变化规律。试验设2种灌水方式，即常规灌溉（CIR）和“薄、浅、湿、晒"灌溉（TIR）；3种氮肥水平，即低氮（N 0.10g/kg）、中氮（N0.15g/kg）和高氮（N0.2g/kg）。结果表明，与CIR处理相比，TIR处理土壤MBC增加13%~ 240%，而土壤MBN减少6.5%~47.3%：高氨水平时3个时期TIR处理土壤硝化细菌有所增加，反硝化细菌拨节期和孕穗期降低12.1%～61.2%，而乳熟期增加0.7～3.0倍；中、低氮水平时孕穗期TIR处理土壤硝酸还原酶活性分别降低63.8%和43.3%。与低氮水平相比，中氮水平可以增加土壤MBC、MBN、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌数量以及过氧化氢酶、脲酶和转化酶活性，而高氮水平则降低土壤MBN，以及过氧化氢酶、脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性。可见，中等氮肥水平下“薄、浅、湿、晒”灌溉方式能有效提高稽田土壤微生物量碳和过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶活性。
关键词：灌溉方式；微生物量碳、氮；土壤酶活性；硝化细菌；水稻土
中图分类号：S154;S511.071
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)06140308
Soilmicrobial biomass carbonand nitrogen and enzymeactivitiesinpaddy
LIANG Yan-fei, ZHANG Xiao-xiao, LI Fu-sheng
(College of Agriculture, Guangxi Uninersity, Nanning 530005, China)
Abstract: A pot experiment was carried out to study effects of the "thin -shallow -wet dry" irrigation method or microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), the numbers of nitrification bacteria and denitrification bacteria and enzyme activities in soils at the jointing , booting and milky stages of rice under different nitrogen(N) levels, and to explore variation of soil microbe activities under the irrigation method . There were two irrigation methods , conventional irrigation ( CIR) and “ thin-shallow-wet-dry" irrigation(TIR), and three N levels , low N(0. 10 g/kg soil) , middle N(0. 15 g/kg soil) and high N(0. 2 g/kg soil). Compared to the CIR treatments , the TIR treatments increase soil MBC by 13%240% , and decrease soil MBN by 6. 5%-47.3%. At the high N level, the TIR treatment increases the number of soil nitrification bacteria at three growth stages slightly , and increases the number of soil denitrification bacteria by O. 7 to 3 times at the milky stage and decreases the number of soil denitrification bacteria by 12. 1% to 61. 2% at the jointing and booting stages . At the low and middle N levels , the TIR treatments reduce the activity of soil nitrate reductase by 63. 8% and 43. 3% at the booting stage. Under the same irrigation method, compared to the low N level, the middle N level increases soil MBC and MBN, the numbers of nitrification bacteria and denitrification bacteria , and the activities of catalase, urease and invertase,
收稿日期：2013-06-24
接受日期：2013-08-06
基金项目：国家“863"计划（2011AA100504）；国家科技支撑计划项目课题（2012BAD05B03）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题
（XDA05070403）资助。
作者简介：梁燕菲（1986—），女，广西南宁人，硕士研究生，主要从事水土资源利用与环境研究。E-mail；534760079@qq.com
*通信作者 Tel: 07713235314806,E-mail; zhenz@ gxu. edu, cn; Ipfu6@163. com