植物营养与肥料学报2017,23(1):244-253 Joumal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10.11674/zwyf.16079 http://www.plantnutrifert.org
不同氮肥种类和亏缺灌溉对切花百合品质的影响
魏贵玉，方泽涛1,2,3，李伏生1,2,3*
（1广西大学农学院，南宁530005；2广西喀斯特地区节水农业新技术院士工作站，南宁530005
3广西高校作物裁培学与耕作学重点实验室，南宁530005）
摘要：【目的】氮索营养和土壤水分是影响百合切花生长和品质的重要因素。本研究进行了不同氮肥配比和灌溉量对百合生长、切花期、切花观赏品质、瓶插寿命和瓶插期间叶片和花被片生理指标的影响，以期为百合切花生产的水氮管理提供科学依据。【方法】以东方百合"索邦'为材料，在施氮(N)量相同情况下，盆栽试验设
5种氮素处理，即单施尿素，单施铵态氮肥
肥，铵态氮：硝态氮（50%：50%)、尿索氮：硝态氮
单施硝态氮肥，
(50%：50%)；2个灌水水平，即正常灌溉（苗期土壤含水量保持在60%~70%6,和现凿期后70%～80%6，6,是田间持水量）和亏缺灌溉（苗期土壤含水量保持在50%～60%6,和现蕾期后60%70%9)。在百合停止生长后，测定了株高和茎粗、花朵数量、花径、瓶插寿命，开花第7天和第14天百合叶片和花被片中可溶性糖、可溶性
蛋白和丙二醛含量。【结果】铵态氮肥与硝态氮肥
处理百合株高最高，花朵数量最多，切花瓶插寿命最
长，开花第7天和第14天叶片和花被片中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量较高，并缓解叶片和花被片中的丙二醛积累。与正常灌溉相比，亏缺灌溉对百合株高、花朵数量、花径、切花瓶插寿命以及开花后叶片和花被片中的丙二醛、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋含量的影响因不同氮肥处理而异。在两种灌水水平下，单施尿素、尿素和硝态氮肥配施以及铵态氮肥和硝态氮肥配施处理切花期分别为100d、90d和85～86d。在正常灌溉条件下，单施铵态氮肥和单施硝态氮肥切花期差异不大，为85～86d；而在亏缺灌溉条件下，单施硝态氮肥切花期为91d，而单施铵态氮肥为87.5d。【结论】硝态氮肥和铵态氮肥配施可以提高百合株高和花朵数量，缩短百合切花期，延长
切花瓶插寿命，从而提高百合切花品质。而亏缺灌溉对百合切花质量的影响因不同氮肥处理而异。关键词：氮肥种类；氮肥配施；灌水水平；百合切花；生理指标
Effects of different nitrogen fertilizers and deficit irrigation on quality
oflily(Liliumspp.)cut-flower WEI Gui-yu', FANG Ze-tao'23, LI Fu-shengl2,3*
(I College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; 2 Guangxi Academician Work Station of The New Technology of Water-saving Agriculture in Karst Region, Nanning 530005, China; 3 Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key
Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530005,China)
Abstract:[Objectives] Nitrogen nutrition and soil moisture are important factors affecting the growth and quality of lily (Lilium spp.) cut-flowers. Different nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation volumes were tested in order to provide scientific basisfor water and nitrogen management of lily cut-flowers.【Methods] Taking Lilium spp. cv. Sorbonne as plant material, a pot experiment had been designed with five nitrogen fertilizer treatments: only ammonium-nitrogen, only urea, only nitrate-nitrogen, both ammonium and nitrate nitrogen (50% : 50%) and both urea and nitrate-nitrogen (50% : 50%) under the same N amount, and two watering levels, normal irrigation (soil water content was kept at 60%70% §, during the seedling stage and 70%80% , after the squaring stage, 6,is field capacity, W1) and deficit irrigation (soil water content was kept at 50%60% , during the seedling stage and 60%70% 6, after the squaring stage, W2). Plant height and stem diameter after lily growth
收稿日期：2016-03-01
接受日期：2016-10-10
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51469003）；国家863计划项目（2011AA100504）资助。
作者简介：魏贵玉（1984—），女，江西东乡人，硕士，主要从事植物营养与水肥利用研究。E-mail：409825761@qq.com
*通信作者E-mail：zhenz@gxu.edu.cn
万方数据