植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(1)：145-152 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
不同沟灌方式对棉花氮素吸收和氮肥利用的影响
李培岭1,2，张富仓1*，贾运岗1
（1西北农林科技大学，早区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室，陕西杨凌712100；
2江西农业大学工学院，江西南品330045）
摘要：本文通过交替隔沟灌溉(AFI)、固定隔沟灌凝(FFI)、常规沟灌(CFI)的大田小区棉花实验，研究不同沟灌方式对棉花各器官氮素吸收和氮肥利用的影响。结果表明：AFI与CFI相比，棉花生物量、全氮含量、氮素吸收率(NAR)、氮肥吸收比例(Ndf)、氮肥利用率(NUE)随生育期变化，各器官全氮含量，NAR、Ndf差异均不显著：棉花各器官的NUE，苗期差异均不明显，凿期以后茎的NUE平均降低9.6%，叶平均降低18.1%，根和蓄铃差异不显著； FFI与CFI相比，苗期棉花生物、全氮含量、NAR和Ndf各器官差异均不显著，期以后生物量平均降低22.5%~ 35.5%，全氮含量下降23.9%~43.8%，NAR下降35.0%~63.5%，Ndf下降15.0%~39.7%，NUE下降34.4%~ 46.7%。可见FFI方式显著降低棉花氮素吸收和利用效率，AFI则变化不明显，因此沟灌棉花宜采用AFI方式，有利于大田棉花的水氮管理。
关键调：不同沟灌方式；棉花：氮素吸收；氮肥利用效率
中图分类号：S562.01；S275.3·
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008-505X(2010)01-0145-08
Effectofdifferentfurrowirrigationpatternsoncottonnitrogenabsorption
and nitrogen fertilizer use LI Pei-lingl-2, ZHANG Fu-eang'', JIA Yun-gang
(1 Northswest A & F Unitersity, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Waler Engineering in Arid ond Semiarid Areas,
Yangling Shaanri 712100, China; 2 School of Engineering of Jiangxi Agricultural Uniersity, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China) Abstract: The effects of furrow irrigation pattems of i.e. altemative furrow irrigation (AFI), conventional furrow irriga-tion (CFI) and fixed furrow irrigation(FFI), on cotton nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen use efficiency were studied us-ing field plot experiment. The result showed that cotton biomass, cotton nitrogen content(N), cotton nitrogen absorption rate(NAR), percentage of N derived from fertilizer( Ndff) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in the seeding stage in cot-ton parts had no significant difference under AFI with that under CFI. However, after buding stage, NUE of stem and leaf under AFIT was 9.6% and 18.1% lower than that under CFI, respectively, but NUE of root, buds and bolls had no significant difference., Compared to CFI, N, NAR, Ndff had no significant difference in seedling stage under FFI, How-ever, after buding stage, cotton biomass, N, Ndff, NAR, and NUE was reduced by 22.5%35.5%, 23.9%43.8%, 15.0%39.7%, 35.0%63.5% , and 34.4%46.7%, respectively. Our experiment showed that FFI significant re-duced the NAR and NUE, but AFI had no influence on them. Therefore, AFI was recommended under the experiment conditions
Key words: different furrow irrigation patterms; cotton; nitrogen absorption; nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency
水分和养分是密切关联的两大作物生长因子(1-3)。近年来有关植物对水分、养分供应的反应以及适应机制方面的研究逐渐增多。研究表明，根
收稿日期：200808-07
接受日期：20090529
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(50879073)资助。
系是作物最活跃的养分和水分吸收器官，在作物的生长发育和产量形成过程中起着非常重要的作用。主要农业措施如灌溉、施肥等都是首先影响到根系
作者简介：李培龄（1981一），男，内蒙古宁城县人，博士研究生，主要从事节水董薇理论与技术方面的研究。E-mail：lipeiling1981@tom.com
+通讯作Tel：02987091151，E-mail：zhangie@nwsuaf.edu.cn
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