植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(1)：208-213 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
腐植酸尿素氨挥发特性及影响因素研究
刘增兵1,2，赵秉强1*，林治安
（1中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京100081； 2江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所，江西南昌330200）
摘要：采用室内模拟，研究了腐植酸尿素在土壤培养条件下其氨挥发特性及其与土壤脲酶活性、氮溶出率以及土壤铵态氰、硝态氮含量变化的关系。结果表明，研制的4种腐植酸尿素氨挥发量分别比普通尿素降低了48.14%、 47.99%、30.89%、59.22%，其中水溶性腐植酸含量11.78%的腐植酸尿素降低最多。腐植酸尿素降低氨挥发量与其养分释放模式和形成的土壤环境渐切相关。土壤氨挥发总量与脲酶活性在培养前期相关系数较高，培养48和 96h分别达到0.825和0.808；土壤氮挥发总量与肥料累积溶出量相关系数为0.903；培养前期，土壤氮挥发量与铵态氮含量相关系数达到0.869。
关键调：熔融造粒；腐植酸尿索；氨挥发：脉酶活性；溶出率；彼态鼠
中图分类号：S143.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)01-0208-06
Ammoniavolatilization characteristics andrelated affectingfactors
ofhumicacidurea
LIU Zeng-bing'-2, ZHAO Bing-qiang', LIN Zhi-an
(1 Institute of Agriculrural Resouroes and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultrural Sciences, Bejing 100081, China : 2 Institue of Soil, Fertilizer, Resources and Emzironment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, Chine)
Abstract: Behaviors of humie acid compound urea in soil were studied under laboratory conditions, Results show that compare with common urea, the total ammonia volatilization from four humic acid compound urea fertilizers were de creased by 48.14%, 47.99%, 30.89% and 59.22%, among them the compound urea with water soluble humic acid content being 11.78 % decreased most. The ammonia volatilization reduction of humic acid urea correlated significantly with its nutrient-release mode and soil ambient. The total ammonia volatilization corelated significantly with soil urease activity during initial period of incubation, the correlation coefficient between total ammonia volatilization and soil urease activity was 0.825 and 0.808 for the fertilizer incubated for 48 hours and 96 hours, respectively. The correlation coeffi cient between total ammonia volatilization and N leaching rate was 0.903. The correlation coefficient between total ammo-nia volatilization and content of NHt -N was 0.869 at the initial stage of incubation.
Key words: melting granulating; humic acid urea; ammonia volatilization; urease activity; leaching rate; NHt -N
尿素是中性有机态氮肥，是目前主要氮肥品种之一(1)。尿素施人土壤后，在短时间内即转化为离子态速效氮素营养供应作物，若作物不能及时吸收，易造成氮素损失。研究表明，尿素作物的当季利用
收稿日期：2008-11-24
接受日期：2009-0109
率仅为28%~41%，平均为33.7%[2)，其余大部分通过挥发和淋洗等途径损失，不但造成资源、能源浪费，也给环境带来巨大压力(3)。氨挥发是尿素施人农田后的主要损失途径之一[4-5],在石灰性(4]、中性
9800（808010890000109000
资助。
作者简介：刘增兵（1979—），男，山东日照人，博士研充生，主要从事植物营养与新型肥料研究。E-mail：liunengbing@163.cm
*通讯作者Tel:01082108658，E-mail;bqphao163.com
本研究在农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室完成。万方数据