植物营养与肥料学报2013，19(3)：534-542 Joumal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi:10.11674/zwyf.2013.0302
稻草不同还由方式对双季水稻产量及
稻米品质的影响
曾研华1.2.3，吴建富1*，潘晓华1*，石庆华，朱德峰2
（1江西农业大学，作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室，江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室，南昌330045；2中国水稻研究所，水稻生物学国家重点实验室，杭州310006；3南京农业大学农学院，南京210095）
摘要：通过2年田间定位试验，设置施肥区稻草还田（NPK+S）、稽草烧灰还田（NPK+SI）和稻草不还田（NPK）以及相对应的不施肥区对照共6个处理，研究了不同稍草还田方式对双季水稻产量及稍米品质的影响。结果表明，在施用等量氮、磷、钾养分条件下，NPK+S处理具有提高早稽分集数及成穗率、中后期叶面积指数及地上部干物质量，增加叶片叶绿素含量（SPAD值），增加水稻单位面积有效穗数的显著作用，但对晚稍的作用不明显；旱稍 NPK+S处理的产量较其他两个处理两年平均增幅为3.78%～8.77%，晚霜随着稻草还田次数的增加，NPK+S与 NPK+SI处理的产量趋于接近，但较NPK处理增产5.66%～7.32%。不施肥条件下，稻草还田（CK+S)处理对早、晚稍生长发育的影响明显大于稻草烧灰还田（CK+SI)和稻草不还田(CK)，且其早、晚稻产量也极显著高于后两个处理。研究还发现，稻草还田能提高早、晚稽的稻米食味品质，但降低其外观品质和营养品质以及晚稻稻来
的加工品质。以上结果说明，进行稻草全量还田对持续提高双季水稻产量具有重要意义。关键词：稻草还田；稻草烧灰还田；双季早、晚韬；产量；稻米品质
中图分类号：S511.4*2.01
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)03053409
Studyonyieldandquality of double croppingricein differentstraw
return approaches
ZENC Yan-hua'.2,3, WU Jian-fu'', PAN Xiao-hua'', SHI Qing-hua", ZHU De-feng
(I Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding of Jiangxi Protince/Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
2 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology/China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, Ching;
3 College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)
Abstract: The localization field experiments were conducted to study on yields and quality characteristics of rice in different straw incorporation ways at double cropping rice seasons of 20102011. There were six treatments, total rice straw incorporation and chemical fertilizers( NPK + S) , rice straw incineration and chemical fertilizers (NPK + SI) , rice straw no-incorporation with only chemical fertilizers ( NPK) and the others three compared treatments with no chemical fertilizers. The results show that NPK + S could increase the number of early rice's tillers, the form rate of tillers, leaf area index at the middle and late growing seasons and aboveground dry matter, promote chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and the number of effective panicles in unit area, and delay the senescence trend under the conditions of equal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient. However the effects are not obvious for late rice. Compared with the NPK and NPK + SI treatments, NPK + S could enhance significantly the grain yield of early rice, and the average yield of the two years are increased by 3. 78% 8. 77%. As the time of rice straw incorporation prolonged, late rice yields under the NPK + S and NPK + SI treatments are not significantly
收稿日期：2012-08-02
接受日期：20130204
基金项目：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目（2011BAD16B04）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD14B14)；江西省科技支撑计划重点项目
(2009BNA03800）；南昌市科技局科技支撑计划重点项目（农业支撑计划第36）资助。
作者简介：曾研华（1986—），男，江西九江人，博土研究生，主要从事水韬高产理论与技术研究。E-mail：zyh74049501@163.com
通信作者E-mail;wjf6711@126.com；E-mail;xhuapan@163.com
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