植物营养与肥料学报2014,20(3）：754-760 Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi=10.11674/zwyf.2014.0329
不同耕作与施肥方式下白土的水稻产量
及养分吸收量吴萍萍，王家嘉，李录久*
（安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所，安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室，安徽合肥230031）
摘要：通过定位试验，研究白土上不同耕作措施及有机肥施用对水稽产量、养分吸收量及土壤理化性状的影响。试验设置2个翻耕深度（10cm和20em）与4种施肥模式（单施化肥、化肥+畜禽粪、化肥+秸秆、化肥+绿肥）。结果表明，单施化肥时，翻耕20cm处理两年的平均产量较翻耕10cm处理减产7.6%；而在翻耕20cm的基础上，秸秆还田或施用畜禽粪、绿肥则可以显著提高水稽产量，较单施化肥分别增产14.8%、16.1%和14.6%。水稽养分吸收量也表现出相同规律，在翻耕20cm后补充有机肥能显著增加植株对氮、磷、钾的吸收。同时，翻耕20cm 结合秸秆还田或施用畜禽粪、绿肥处理的土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均高于单施化肥处理。在白土稽田上，翻耕20cm后增施有机肥有利于提高水稽产量，促进养分吸收，改善白土耕层土壤理化性状，是适合白土区大力推广的施肥模式。
关键词：白土；翻耕深度；施肥模式：养分吸收：土壤肥力：稽田
中图分类号：S344；S158.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2014)03075407
Riceyieldsand nutrientuptakeunderdifferentploughingdepths
and fertilizations in white soil WU Ping-ping,WANG Jia-jia, LI Lujiu
(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Prouincial Key
Laboratory of Nutrient Recycling, Resources and Enuironment, Hefei 230031, China)
Abstract : Field experiments were conducted to study effects of different phonghing depths and fertilizations on rice yields, nutrient uptakes and soil physical and chemical properties in white soil of paddy fields . The treatments consisted of two ploughing depths of 10 cm and 20 cm (Tro, T2o) and four fertilization systems of chemical fertilizer(F), chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure (F + M), chemical fertilizer and wheat straw (F + S), chemical fertilizer and green manure (F + G). The results show that compared to the Tro + F, rice yield is decreased by 7.6% in the T2o + F, and the applications of wheat straw, farmyard manure, and green manure with ploughing depth of 20 cm can significantly increase the yields by 14. 8% (T2o +F + S), 16. 1% (T2o + F + M) and 14. 6%(T2o +F + G), respectively. Similar patterns are showed in N, P and K uptakes. The contents of soil organic matter, total N, available N, available P and available K in the Tzo + F + S, Tzo + F + M, and Tzo + F + G treatments are higher than those in the Tro + F and Txo + F treatments. In conclusion, the application of organic manure combined with ploughing depth of 20 cm in white soil can increase rice yields and nutrient uptakes,
improve soil fertility in plough layer , and can be recommended for rice production in white soil areas, Key words white soilploughing depthfertilizationnutrient uptakesoil fertilitypaddy field
收稿日期：2013-06-24
接受日期：2013-11-24
基金项目：公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201003016）；“十二五"国家科技计划课题（2012BAD05B0206）；安徽省农科院院长青年创新基金
(12B1020）：国际植物营养研究所（IPNI)中国项目部平衡施肥项目资助。
作者简介：吴萍萍（1982—），女，安徽贵池人，博士，主要从事土壤资源环境方面的研究。E-mail：pingpingwu1982@126.eon
*通信作者Tel;055165149157，E-mail；ljli68@ aliyun.eom