植物营养与肥料学报2014,20(2）：380-388 Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi=10.11674/zwyf.2014.0214
高温处理与添加物料对蚓粪基质培育辣椒壮苗的影响
赵海涛1,2，车玲1.2，姜薇",2，朱燕红1,2，邱良祝12，单玉华1,2*，封克1,2（1江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心，江苏扬州225127;2扬州大学环境科学与工程学院，江苏扬州225127）
摘要：蚓粪是虾蚓处理有机固体废弃物的产物，具备替代泥炭作为蔬菜育苗基质材料的优良性质。蚓粪高温处理(120℃）后加入蛭石、尿素等物料复配成育苗基质，通过温室育苗和室内分析的手段，分析蚓粪中活性有机物和 GA、IAA的含量变化以及蚓粪基质培育辣椒幼苗的系统发育特征。结果表明：蚓粪高温处理过程增加了蚓粪中 GA，含量，使活性有机物裂解成具有相同母核类极性更大的水溶性衍生物。无论是否高温处理，蚓粪育苗基质都有利于辣椒幼苗茎粗、株高、展宽、叶片数、根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、鲜（干）重和壮苗指数的提高，但会导致辣椒幼苗叶片叶绿素含量的减小。蚓粪添加蛭石和高温处理后育苗能够增大辣椒幼苗根直径。高温处理蚓粪中添加蛭石（蚓粪：蛭石=4：1，V：V）和尿素（0.50kg/m）有利于提高辣椒幼苗成苗率，增加鲜干物质累积，促进茎叶和根系的系统发育，增大壮苗指数。可见，蚓粪高温处理后与蛭石按4：1体积比均匀混合后用于辣椒育苗，最能提升辣椒幼苗的各项指标，形成壮苗。
关键词：辣椒幼苗；蚓粪基质；高温灭菌；生产工艺
中图分类号：S141.9；S625.5*6；S641.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008-505X(2014)02-0380-09
Effect of high-temperature sterilization and materials addition of vermicompost-formulated substrateoncapsicumseedlingdevelopment
ZHAO Hai-tao'2, CHE Ling'2, JIANG Wei?, ZHU Yan-hong"?, Qiu Liang-zhu'-2, SHAN Yu-hua'-2*, FENG Ke'2(I Yangzhour Technical Service Center for Agro Enironment Safety of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China :
2 College of Enuironmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangshu 225127, China)
Abstract: Vermicompost has been proved to have a beneficial effect on vegetable seedling development by many previous studies and can be used as a potential substitute for peat in nursery substrate production . An experiment was conducted to study the effects of high -temperature sterilization and materials addition of vermicompost formulated suhstrate on the contents of biologically active substances and capsicum seedling development , and thus to provide a scientific basis for industrial production and effectiveness evaluation of vermicompost formulated substrate. The vermicompost, obtained through earthworm digestion of cow manure , was sterilized with high-temperature (120℃) and used to formulate nursery substrate with the addition of vermiculite and urea , the growth parameters of capsicum seedllings and the contents of biologically active substances (e. g. GA, and IAA) in the substrate were measured under greenhouse and laboratory conditions . The results show that the GA; content in vermicompost under the high temperature sterilization is increased , and the active organic matters are degraded intd derivatives which have the similar atomic group and are more polarized and water soluble . The vermicompost-formulated substrate and the high -temperature sterilization processing improve many growth parameters of capsicum seedlings including stem diameter, plant height, leaf expansion , number of leaves, root diameter, root length, root surface area, root volume, number of root tips, fresh/dry weight and strong seedling index, and reduce the chlorophyll content of capsicum seedlings. Based the data obtained in this study , the optimized formulation of
收稿日期：2013-05-13
接受日期：2013-10-20
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（31000939）资助；国家公益性农业行业科研专项（201103004）资助：江苏省科技支撑计划（BE2012432
BN2012039）资助；江苏省高校自然科学研究项目（12KJB210005）资助。
作者简介：赵海涛（1977一），男，江苏射阳人，博士，副教授，主要从事固体废弃物资源化处理与利用研究。
Tel: 051487979615, E-mail; htzhao@ yzu. edu. en。
*通信作者 Tel:051489799185，E-nail: shanyuhua@ gmail.eom