植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(2)：334-340 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
根区局部灌溉和有机无机氮比例对种植玉来
土壤酶活性的影响余江敏，李伏生，农梦玲（广西大学农学院，广西南宁530005)
摘要：本文通过盆栽试验，研充了根区局部蒲溉(PRI)和有机无机氮（N)比例对天米拔节期、大喇叭口期和蒲浆期土壤过氧化氨酶、脉酶、酸性磷酸酶和转化酶活性的影响。试验设3种滞溉方式，即常规灌溉（CI)、分根区交替灌溉（APRI)、固定部分根区瀛溉（FPRI)和3种有机无机氮比例，即100%无机氮（F1）、70%尤机氮+30%有机氮（F2)、 40%无机氮+60%有机鼠(F3)。结果表明，3个玉米生长时期土壤过氨化氢酶、脉酶和酸性磷酸酶最大值均出现在土壤含水量较高的PRI湿润区域，但转化酶较大值出现在土壤含水量较低的PRI干燥区域。有机氮比例较高的F3 处理，玉米拔节期在APRI干、混区域的土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酵活性均高于CI区；从拔节期到灌浆期，根区局部激溉的土壤酸性磷酸酶活性低于常规激溉。土壤过氧化氨酶、脉酶及转化酶活性均随着有机氮肥比例的增加而增加，酸性磷酸酶活性在F2较大。研究表明，APRI处理在其湿润区能提高土壤过氧化氢酶脉酶及转化酶活性，且有机氮肥在提高土壤酶活性上起着重要的作用。
关键词：根区局部灌溉；有机尤机氮比例：土填酶活性；种植玉米土壤
中图分类号：S147.3；S154.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)02033407
Effects of partial root-zoneirrigation and ratioof organic to inorganicN
on the enzyme activitiesin maize-planting soil
YU Jiang-min, LUI Fu-sheng" , NONG Meng-ling
(Agricultural College, Guangxi Unitersily, Nanning 530005, China)
Abstract: Partial root-zone irrigation (PRI) creates a heterogeneous soil moisture distribution which may affect soil enzy-matic activities, Activities of four soil enzymes were investigated using PRI pot experiments under different ratios of inor-ganic to organic N fertilizers from jointing to gnain flling stages of maize. There were three iigation methods, conven-tional irrigation (CI), altermate PRI (APRI) and fixed PRI (FPRI), and three ratios of inorganic to organic N, 100% inorganic (F1), 70% inorganic + 30% organic (F2) and 40% inorganic + 60% organic (F3) in the experiment. The results show that highest values of soil catalase, urease and acid-phosphatase activities are in the wet root-zone of PRl, while the highest of invertase activity is in the dry root-zone of PRI from the jointing to grain flling stages. Under the F3 fertilization and APRl, soil catalase, urease and invertase activities are increased at the jointing stage compared to CI, while under the F3 fertilization and PRI, the acid-phosphatase activity is reduced from the jointing to filling stages. Soil catalase, urease and invertase activities are generally enhanced with increasing organic N ratio, but maximal acid-phos-phatase activities occur under the moderate amount of organic N (F2). Our results indicate that APRI stimulates the cata-lase, urease and invertase activities in its wet zone, and organic N plays a major role in enhancing soil enzymatic activi-ties.
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收稿日期：2009-03-17
接受日期：2009-06-30
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（50869001)；国家"973"计划项月（2006CB403406)；广西教育厅研究生教育科研创新计划项目（2007-93)资助。作者简介：余江敏（1983一），男，广内柳州人，硕士，主要从事植物营养与环境理论与技术研究。
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