镗削碳纤维复合材料时切削用量对
切削力及孔出口撕裂的影响董星李嫂董海张弘
（大连理工大学机械工程学院，大连116023）
文摘采用PCD刀具对碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)进行了链削加工试验，分析了切削用量对切削力、孔出口撕裂因子（撕裂值与孔直径的比值)的影响规律。试验结果表明，三向切削力随背吃刀量、进给量、切削速率的增大而增大。经分析认为，切削速率的增大引起待加工材料的屈服应力增大。由于刀尖弧半径较大，试验中出现背向力大于主切削力的现象；撕裂因子与背吃刀量基本无关；进给量与撕裂因子呈线性正相关；当切削速率增大时撕裂因子呈减小趋势，并且减小到一定程度后基本不变；采用PCD刀具鐘削加工该材料能够有效地减小孔出口撕裂程度。
关键词PCD刀具，CFRP，孔加工，切削力，撕裂
Influenceof CuttingParametersonCuttingForces
andHoleExitTear inBoring CFRP
Dong Xing
LiMan
DongHai
Zhang Hongtao
(School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116023)
AbstractIn this paper, some experiments were carried out by using PCD tool to bore carbon fiber reinforced plastics ( CFRP) and the influence of cutting parameters on cutting force and hole exit tear factor(the ratio of tear size and hole diameter) was analyzed. The testing results showed that 3-D components of cutting forces increase along with the increasing of the cutting depth, feed rate and cutting speed. It is indicated that the raise of cutting speed re sults in the increasing of yield-stress of the material. Large cormer radius causes the highest radial force, followed by the main cutting force and axial force;Tear factor is almost independent of cutting depth, but there is a linear positive correlation between the factor and feed rate, When increasing the cutting speed the value of tear factor shows a tenden cy to decrease and then kept essentially constant. Boring CFRP using PCD tool can effectively reduce tear degree of hole exit.
KeywordsPCDcuttingtool,CFRP,Boring,Cutting force,Tean
0引言
碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）具有比强度和比刚度高、抗疲劳性能好、耐热性能良好等优点，其强度高、导热能力差，因而在进行切加工时，刀具的磨损严重；容易产生分层、撕裂等缺陷，这在钻孔时尤为明显，文献[1]指出，钻削力的大小直接影响着孔的质量。有研究表明[2-3],采用金刚石刀具切削能够有效地减小切削力，进而提高材料表面的加工质量。考虑
收稿目期：2011-01-12
到钻削时切削条件恶劣，切屑不易排出，切削热量难以散失导致刀具磨损严重，使孔的加工质量不高，本文采用削加工，利用超硬PCD刀具对CFRP进行了切削试验，对比不同的切削用量对切削力及孔出口撕裂大小的影响，并对三向切削力进行拟合，以期得出对生产实际具有指导作用的切削力与切削用量三
要素之间的经验公式。 1切削试验
作者简介：董星，1985年出生，硕士研究生，主要从事难加工材料研究。E-mail；dongxing051@163.eom
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2012年第6期
79