2015年第9卷第9期 2015 Vol. 9 No. 9
南方电网技术
SOUTHERNPOWER SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY
文章编号：1674-0629(2015)09-0058-13
DOI: 10. 13648/j, cnki. issn1674-0629. 2015. 09. 009
中图分类号：TM41
高电压与绝缘
High Voltage & Insulation
文献标志码：A
油浸式电力变压器老化及寿命评估研究综述
2
欧小波'，周丹"，林春耀"，祝令瑜”
（1.广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院，广州510080；2.西安交通大学电气工程学院，西安710049）
摘要：总结了当前油浸式电力变压器中绝缘材料的老化机理、油纸绝缘系统老化时的影响固素，分别归纳了热老化电老化、机械应力老化以及多应力联合老化时老化机理的特点。针对老化后的油纸绝缘系统，归钠了电、化学和新型等三类油纸绝缘系统老化特征量。分析归纳了常用的五类变压器寿命评估模型，并提出了现有模型中理论基础与试验结果不能搭配的问题。将目前应用的延寿措施分为两大类，指出了目前常用延寿措施不能定量以及缺乏理论基础的两大问题。还总结了变压器内部热场计算方法，总结了热路法的研究与发展进程，并提出了热路法的研究趋势。最后提
出了变压器老化及寿命评估未来的研究方向，指出物理层面的老化机理以及新的特征量是值得注意的研究重点。关键词：油浸式变压器；油纸绝缘；寿命评估；老化模型；热场计算
ReviewofAgingandLifeAssessmentofOil-immersedPowerTransformer
OU Xiaobo', ZHOU Dan', LIN Chunyao', ZHU Lingyu?
(1. Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co. , Ltd. , Guangzhou 510080, China;
2. Xi'an Jiaotong Uiniversity Electric Engineering College,Xi'an 710049, China)
Abstract: The aging mechanism of insulating material and factors influencing aging of oil-immersed power transformer are summa-rized, characteristics of aging mechanism in the courses of thermal aging, electrical aging, mechanical stress and multi stress aging are concluded. Electrical, chemical and other new type of aging characteristic parameters are summarized for aged oil-immersed insul-tion system. Transformer life assessment models are divided into five kinds, and the problem that theoretical basis and test results can-not adapt to each other is put forward. Life extension methods in current application are divided into two categories, and problems of no quantitative means to determine the degree of life extension and lack of theoretical basis are raised, The thermal field calculation method is summarized. Both the research and development course of the thermal-circuit method are summarized with the trend of the thermal-circuit method research. In the end, the orientation of future research of transformer aging and life assessment is proposed, indicating
that the aging mechanism on the physical plane and aging characteristic parameter will be the focus in research. Key words: transformer; oil-paper insulation; life assessment; aging model; calculation of thermal field
o
引言
电力变压器是电力系统中的重要设备，其可靠运行决定了电网的稳定程度。电力变压器内部材料主要分为绝缘、导电、导磁以及结构材料4大类，其中绝缘材料绝大多数为有机材料，如矿物油与纤维纸等。变压器运行时会受承受多种应力，如电应力、机械应力、热应力和化学应力等。如图1所示。而有机材料主要承受热应力与电应力，会随着运行时间的增加不断地老化，绝缘性能下降，造成
万方数据
设备故障并引起供电中断[1]
环境因素电应力
辐射
电力变压器
地燥材料：矿物油、绝绿纸、有机合成材料等
→机械应力。
路更者
期
金品特路者
结构材料：屑、屋压板、垫狭、支撑等
热应力
图1
Fig. 1
变压器运行时所受的应力
一化学应力。
Stresses of operating transformer