
第28卷第3期 2009年3月
中国材料进展 MATERIALSCHINA
Vol.28No.3 Mar.2009
具有自相似结构纳米银粉的制备及表征
代大庆,冯军强,张慧茹,李荣先(深圳清华大学研究院,广东深圳518057)
摘要:采用液相化学还原法,以改性聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为分散稳定剂,用抗坏血酸还原硝酸银得到银溶胶,将银溶胶经离心分离、洗涤和真空干媒处理,得到规则球形纳米银粉。用动态光散射法激光粒度仪考察反应温度和溶液的pH值对纳
表明,反应温度为40、x(PVP):w(AgNO,)=0.8、AgNO,浓度为0.24mol/L、抗坏血酸溶液pH值=10,可得到具有至少 3级循环套嵌自相似结构的规则球形纳米银粉;纳米银粉案集体纯净无杂质,粒径在500~1000nm之间:粉体一次颗粒粒径为9 ~20 nm。
关键词:纳米银粉;自相似结构:税度;产率
中图法分类号:TB383
文献标识码:A
文章编号:16743962(2009)03003104
PreparationofNano-SilverPowder
withSelf-Similar Structure
FENG Junqing,
DAIDaqing,1
ZHANG Huiru, LI Rongxian
( Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China)
Abstract: Silver sols were prepared from silver nitrate by chemical reduction in liquid phase, with ascorbic acid as the reducing agent and modified polyvinylpyrrolidone as the protecting agent. A nanometer silver powder with regular spherical shape was got from the sols treated with centrifugal separating, washing and vacuum drying. Effects of reaction temper-ature and solution pH value on particle size of the nano silver were studied using dynamic light scattering laser particle size analyzer. Features of the nano silver were observed by scanning electron microscopy , and crystal structure of the nano sil-ver was characterized through X ray diffraction. The results show that a nano silver powder with regular spherical shape and self similar structure embedded in three grade cycle at least can be obtained under the reaction conditions of 40 °C , PVP/AgNO, = 0. 8, c( AgNO, ) = 0. 24 mol/L, and pH value of ascorbic acid solution at 10. The nano silver powder aggregate is pure and inclusion free, particle size of which is between 500 nm and 1 000 nm, and of the initially formed particle is 9 ~ 20 nm
Keywords: nanometer silver; self similar structure; particle size; yield
1前言
一个系统的自相似性是指某系统或结构的局域性质或局域结构与整体类似(1-6)。纳米银粒子因具有特异的量子尺寸效应和表面效应使得其在催化、微电子、光电子和电导材料等领域应用广泛。不同的应用领域对纳米银粉的形貌有不同的要求。制备纳米银粉以液相还原法较多,所制备的纳米银形态有线状、片状、树枝状、管状等[7-12],但是还未见自相似形态的纳米银制备的报道。本
收稿日期:200902-25
基金项目:深圳市南山区科技计划项目(2008015)资助通信作者:代大庆,男,1969年生,工程师
实验采用化学液相还原法,探索制备了一种具有纳米尺度上的自相似结构银球,并考察反应温度和溶液的pH 值等条件对纳米银粉粒度和形脱的影响。用扫描电镜观察银粉的形貌,用X射线衍射分析银粉的晶体结构。
2
试剂与仪器
原料包括:硝酸银(AR级,天津市天感化工技术开
发有限公司),分散稳定剂为非离子型聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP-K90,AR级,浙江明胜高分子材料有限公司),无水乙醇,柠檬酸,抗坏血酸,纯净水。
仪器有:日本JEOLJSM26700F型扫描电镜(SEM),日本MAX22000型X射线衍射仪(XRD),日本LB-550 型动态光散射激光粒度仪,端动泵,恒温水浴箱,真空干燥箱等。