第36卷第7期（2017.07）试验研究
气相色谱法分析废防渗布与废油基钻井液热解析不凝气成分
葛照欣！
蔡体久
摘要：为了防止油田生产井下作业过程中产生的油泥等围废物污染环境，一般采用防渗布对这些固废物进行收集及智存，钻并产生的废油基钻并泥浆被国家定为危险废物，必须加以处理，热解析方法是一个处理效果相对较好的方法。选择5阅8柱系统进行废防渗布与废油基钻并液热解析不凝气成分分析，通过实验选择色请条件，确定间运行时间，按照该时间运行表，可使热解析不凝气中的饱和烃、芳烃、烯烃等较好地分离；配合相应的检测器可一次性究成废防渗布和度油基钻并液热解析后产生的不凝气成分的定性和定量分析。结采表明，该方法通过一次进样便可对不凝气中近30个组分进行定性和定量分析，具有操作简单、准确度高等优点。
关键词：热解析；不凝气；色谱法；废防渗布；废油基钻井液 Doi : 10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2017.07.009
Gas Chromatography Analysis of the Thermal Desorption Non-condensable Gas Com -
position in Abandoned Impervious Clothes and Oilbased Drilling Fluid Ge Zhaoxin, Cai Tjiu
Abstract: In order to prevent the oil sludge and other solid pollutants produced in borehole operation process of oilfield production from polluting the environment, the impervious cloth is generally used to collect and temporarily store the solid waste. The waste oilbased drilling fluid produced in drilling process is identified by the nation ds the hazardous waste, which must be processed, and the therma! desorption is a method with relatively good treatment effect. 5valve and 8column system is chosen to analyze thermal desorption non condensable gas composition in abandoned impervious clothes and oilbesed drilling fluid, and chromatography conditions and the valve operation time are selected by tests. According to the operation timetable, a better separation of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatics, olefins, etc in the thermal desorption non condensable gas can be made;: by using the corresponding detector, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the noncondensable gas components produced by thermal desorption of abandoned impervious clothes and oilbased drilling fluid can be completed by one time. The results show that by using this method, nearly 30 components of the non=condensable gas can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using one group of samples, which has advantag es of simple operation and high accuracy.
non condensable gas; chromatography; abandoned impervious
Key words: thermal desorption;
cloth ; abandoned oilbased drilling fluid
油田生产过程中产生的废防渗布和废油基钻井液，因其含有原油或柴油等易燃物质，国家将其定为危险废物。目前对其较彻底的处理方法为热解析法。
生产中，热解析温度为650℃，此温度下原油易发生裂解，产生的不凝气成分复杂，理论上可能产生饱和经、芳烃、烯经、氢气、氧气、氮气、二氧化碳、硫化氢、氯气、氟化氢、二氧化硫和二氧化氮等。烃类易燃气体和助燃气体混合会发生爆炸，硫化氢、氯气、氟化氢等气体既是腐蚀性气体又是有毒气体，
所以准确定性、定量不凝气的组
东北植业大学
油气田地面工程httpa/www.yqtdmgc.com 万方数据
成，对热解析工艺中材质的选取、安全设计以及后续有毒有害气体环保处理具有重要的意义。
目前，从文献上未检索到色谱法分析热解后的废防渗布、废油基钻井液热解析不凝气组分的报道。薛青松等"对模块化阀柱多维色谱系统用于分析炼厂气进行了研究；于杰等"采用Agilent7890A 气相色谱仪分析了炼厂气组成：衰维司发表了应用 4阀5柱系统分析炼厂气的总结。以上文章研究的对象均为炼厂气和天然气。炼厂气塔底温度一般为 300~400℃，原油不易裂解，其组成相对简单。而废防渗布与废油基钻井液热解析温度达到650℃
29