第39卷(2017)第6期智能化与控制
柴油机 Diesel Engine
增压式电控喷油器仿真分析
王辉"，刘振明"，周磊"，王洪生”
Vol.39(2017) No.6
（1.海军工程大学动力工程学院，湖北武汉430033：2.海军91878部队，广东湛江524000）摘要：基于AMEsim软件建立了增压式电控喷油器仿真模型，在对模型进行试验验证的基础上，仿真分析了喷油器的关键参数，如控制腔容积、进出油孔孔径和针阀弹簧预紧力对喷油速率和针间升程的影响规律。结果表明：当控制腔容积较小时，针阔落座快，但轨压波动大，喷射压力不稳定，当控制腔容积较大时，针阀反应速度下降，导致落座延后；进出油孔孔径主要影响喷油起始和结束阶段的喷油率和针阀升程；在保证针阀正时开启和足够喷油量的情况下，针阀弹簧预紧力应取较大值。
关键词：高压共轨；增压电控喷油器；结构参数；仿真
中图分类号：TK423.8*4
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1001-4357(2017)06-0020-05
Simulation Analysis of Booster Electronic Control Injectors
Wang Hui',Liu Zhenming',Zhou Lei',Wang Hongsheng
(1.College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Hubei Wuhan 430033;
2.No.91878 Unit of Navy,Guangdong Zhanjiang 524000)
Abstract: Based on AMEsim sofware, a simulation model of booster electronic injector was established. The model was verified by test and used to analyze the influence of key parameters of injector, such as control chamber volume, inlet and outlet oil hole diameter and needle valve spring preload on injection rate and needle valve lift. The results show that when the volume of the control chamber is small, the needle valve seat quickly, but the rail pressure fluctuates greatly and the injection pressure is unstable; when the volume of the control chamber is large, the response rate of needle valve declines and seat slow-ly; the diameter of the oil inlet and oil outlet mainly affect the injection rate and the needle valve lift at the beginning and the end of the fuel injection; the needle valve spring preload should be set at a rela-tively large value, with the precondition of ensuring the needle valve lift timing and the fuel injection amountisenough.
Key words: high pressure common rail; booster injector; structure parameter; simulation
0引言
更高的喷射压力和更灵活的喷油速率控制是高压共轨系统的发展趋势"]。喷油速率对柴油机的燃烧过程有很大影响(2)。喷油速率控制被认为是改善柴油机排放最具吸引力的技术(34)。喷油速率与喷孔
两侧的喷油压力和喷孔有效流通截面积有关。对于结构确定的喷油器，改变其喷射过程中的流通截面积较为困难，只能通过控制喷射压力来改变喷油速率(5)]。而基于比例活塞增压装置的电控喷油器，通过控制燃油增压时序可增加喷油压力并可改变喷油速率形状。陈海龙[6-8]等设计了-一种增压装置并研究
收稿日期：2017-04-24；修回日期；2017-06-06
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51379212）；国防预研项目（3020401030303）。
作者简介：王辉（1988-），男，硕士，主要研究方向为高压共轨电控柴油机技术，E-mail：superwang0516@sina.com