
第36卷(2014)第5期性能与排放
柴油机 Diesel Enging
基于道路载荷的柴油机工作特性研究
贾桢,田彩霞,郝冀雁,张建梅,杨永春,焦志华,田树桐
(中国北方发动机研究所,山西大同037036)
Val. 36(2014) No. 5
摘要:基于车辆在起伏路面和砂石路面行驶运行,采用高速采集设备采集了发动机输出端的转速和扭矩值,构成了不同路面的道路载荷数据,利用经典的数学分析方法一雨流计数法进行了转速和扭矩分布特性的研究。结果表明:相比于驾驶习惯,路面特征对发动机运行工况的影响更大:不同路面行驶条件,发动机主要的工作转速范围不同:起伏路行驶条件下,存在很大比例的负扭矩运行工况;实际使用过程的发动机运行工况低于设计外特性和考核工况,不适于用于稳态的耐久试验方法研究。
关键词:柴油机;工作特性;道路载荷;雨流计数
中图分类号:TK427
文献标识码:A
文章编号:10014357(2014)050016-04
Research on Operating Characteristics of Diesel Engine Based on Road Load
Jia Zhen, Tian Caixia, Hao Jiyan, Zhang Jianmei, Yang Yongchun, Jiao Zhihua, Tian Shutong
( China North Engine Research Institute, Shanxi Datong 037036)
Abstract: Based on the running conditions of vehicles on the undulating and sandstone road, the output speed and torque of engines was recorded with the high-speed data acquisition equipment, which formed the road load data of different roads. The distribution chanacteristics of speed and torque were researched with the typical mathematical method, which called the rain flow counting method. The results show that, compared with the driving habits, the influence of road characteristics on engine operating conditions is larger. Accord-ing to the conditions of different road, the main range of operating speed is different. On the undulating road, the engine runs in most time with the negative torque. During the actual application, almost all the operating conditions are lower than the designed full load conditions and durability test conditions, and so it is not ap-
propriate to research the steady durability test method with the measured road load data. Keywords : diesel engine; operating characteristic; road load; rain flow counting
引言 o
通常,发动机台架耐久考核或可靠性研究是基于发动机某几个或某个特定工况的试验进行的,如全速全负荷耐久试验方法,超速超负荷耐久试验方法等。而在工程实际中,许多车辆实际路面行驶产生的道路载荷通常是随机的。随机载荷数据一般是
收稿日期:2013-12-27;修回日期:2014-02-20
不规则、不重复、随时间变化的,不能或无法直接获得其变化规律。从这一方面来看,台架考核不能代表发动机的真实运行环境,且考核强度也不足。为此,一些内燃机领域的专家建议强化发动机研发过程中的台架考核方法。
基于上述考核方法的分歧,以某发动机装车后
不同路面获取的载荷数据为基础,以台架试验研究
作者简介:费模(1976-),男,副研究员,主要研究方向为发动机试验技术和试验室设计,E-mail:jazneri@139.com