
第42卷第8期 Vol. 42Na. 8
假压技木
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
挖掘机斗杆载荷谱测试方法及其数据处理
杜敏杰,黄雪,李隽,王玉鑫,刘亚群(机械科学研究总院工程机械及军用改装车试验场,北京100044)
2017年8月 Aug.2017
摘要:为编制液压挖掘机斗杆载荷谱,提出了液压挖掘机斗杆载荷谱测试方法,并对某型号液压挖掘机进行现场测试试验,采集了此机型实际作业过程中典型工况和极限工况的各油缸大小腔压力以及油缸伸缩量的时间历程曲线。以挖岩工况的试验数据为对象,利用Neoe对数据进行时域分析和频域分析,并进行去除趋势项以及滤波等预处理。对挖掘机工作装置进行了受力分析,建立力系平衡方程,利用MATLAB求出斗杆各铰点受力的时间历程。斗杆各铰点受力具有周期性,不同作业段的载荷差异较大,故以作业段为单位进行平稳性和各态历经性检验。通过对数据处理结果的对比和分析,为进行载荷谱编制以及室内模拟实验做准备。
关键词:挖揭机;斗杆;载荷谱;时域分析;频域分析 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2017. 08. 022
中图分类号:TU621
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3940(2017)08-0107-08
Test method and data processing for load spectrum of excavator bucket rod
Du Minjie, Huang Xue, Li Jun, Wang Yuxin, Liu Yaqun
( Proring Ground for Construction Machinery & Refit Military Vehicles of CAM, China Academy of
Machinery Science & Technology, Beijing 100044, China)
Abstract: To compile the load spectrum of hydraulic excavator bucket rod, the load spectrum test of hydraulic excavator bucket rod was proposed, and a kind of hydraulie excavator was tested. Then, the time history curve of cylinder pressure and cylinder lengthen and short-en in the typical working condition and ultimate working condition of the hydraulic excavator were collected. For the experimental data in digging rock conditions, the data were analyzed in time domain and frequency domain by Node, and the data were processed by removing trends and filtering. Furthermore, the force analysis of excavator working device was carried out, and the equations of equilibrium of force uod asuy a svllv a paueo aran por rapn jo aarog od anury pea jo saana ro a a paseea arat saas force of bucket rod was periodic, and the loads of different working sections were different. Therefore, the stationary and ergodicity tests were carried out by taking the wrorking section as a unit. Thus, the load spectrum compilation and indoor simulation experiment were pre-pared through the comparison and analysis of the data processing results.
Key words : excavator; bucket rod; load spectrum; experiments test; time domain analysis; frequency domain analysis
液压挖掘机作为工程机械的一种典型设备,在交通运输、机场、港口、桥梁、水利等国家基础设施建设以及资源开采中应用十分普遍。在液压挖掘机实际作业过程中,其工作装置是工程作业的直接执行者,承受着不同工况下的各种恶劣载荷作用,因此,液压挖掘机工作装置的可靠性和耐久性对液压挖掘机整机的使用寿命和效率至关重要。据统计,
收稿日期:20170416;修订日期:20170610
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2015BAF07B00)作者简介:杜敏杰(1991-),男,硕士研究生 E-mail: 1584624830@ qq: com
通讯作者:黄雪(1963-),男,硕士,研究员
E-mail: 1584624830@ qq. com 万方数据
在挖掘机销售市场中,以中型挖掘机最受欢迎,所以本文采用某厂家的中型液压挖掘机为研究机型。斗杆挖掘既保证了相应的挖掘行程,又能具有一定的挖掘力,此特性决定了斗杆挖掘是中小型液压挖掘机工作的常用方式。在实际应用中,为了提高挖掘作业效率,一般采用混合挖掘作业方式,但斗杆挖掘在中型挖掘机的挖掘作业中仍占据主要地位,因此本文以样机斗杆为研究对象
液压挖掘机斗杆失效大多数是由于疲劳破坏,而斗杆基本上是根据静态计算来设计的,对于实际作业过程中斗杆所受交变载荷作用而引起的疲劳损伤没有提前的设计预防,因此,要在斗杆设计过程中进行疲劳寿命分析。疲劳分析需要大量试验数据,所