
第42卷第3期 Vol.42No.3
假压技本
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
小型薄壁套管多工位冷镦挤工艺
肖志玲',李世瑜2,刘华3,刘建秀',周向葵',段红杰
2017年3月 Mar.2017
00000
3.郑州机械研究所,河南郑州450001)
摘要:小型薄壁套管类零件,整体尺寸较小且内外结构复杂,加工方法的选择和成形工艺设计方面是生产该类零件的重点和难点。针对上述难点,采用适合中小型零件批量加工的多工位冷成形加工方法,并根据成形理论分析,初步设计出两种较合理的六工位冷成形方案,对成形过程采用Defomm-3D软件数值模拟。得出先反挤压成形薄壁端的最大载荷为5.6×10°N,远小于先锻粗成形凸缘的最大载荷;台阶深孔的成形采用杯-杯复合挤压,其损伤值远小于材料的临界损伤值。最终通过生产试验验证模拟结果的最佳工艺,且成形后小型薄壁套管的内部组织分布合理,无冷锻缺陷。
关键调:小型薄壁套管;冷镦挤;多工位冷成形;Defom-3D;复合挤压 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2017. 03. 003
中图分类号:TG306
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3940(2017)03-0015-05
Multi-stagecoldforgingand extrudingprocess of smallthinwall casing
Xiao Zhiling', Li Shiyu’, Liu Hua', Liu Jianxiu', Zhou Xiangkui', Duan Hongjie
(1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China:
2. No. 3 Dilling Company of Sinopec Zhongyuan Petroleum Engineering Co. , Ld. , Lankao 457300, China;
3. Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Zhengzhou 450001, China)
Abstract: For small thin wall casing parts with a small size but a complex structure, the choice of processing methods and forming proces design are main difficulies. In view of the above difficulties, the multi-stage cold foming method suitable for small and medium-sized parts batch processing was proposed, and two more reasonable six-stage cold forging processes was designed based on the forming theory analysis., Then, the forming process was simulated by Defomm-3D software, and the maximum load of the thin-walled end 5. 6 × 10° N produced by the first anti-extrusion was far less than that produced by first upsetting flange. Furthermore, the deep hole with step was formed by the cup-cup compound extrusion, and the damage value of material was much smaller than that of the critical damage. Finally, the optimal program of simulation results are verified by the production test, and the microstructural distribution is reasonable without cold upsetting defects.
Key words: small thin wall casing; cold forging and extruding; multi-stage cold forming; Deform-3D; combined extrusion
多工位冷成形技术是指在外力的作用下借助多组动模与定模将坏料分工步成形的冷加工技术[1-2],该成形技术不仅具有冷加工零件尺寸精度高、综合性能好、材料利用率高等优点,还具有高速成形的特点。多工位在同一台机器上同步成形并由机械手
收稿日期:2016-0809;修订日期:2016-1130
基金项目:“高档数控机床与基础制造装备”国家重大科技专项(2013ZX04002081);郑州轻工业学院博士基金资助项目(2015BSJ090)
作者简介:肖志玲(1983-),女,博士,讲师 E-mail:; xzl03223@126. com
通讯作者:刘华(1962-),男,博士,研究员
E-mail; 13903832971@ 163. com 万方数据
进行工位间传递,生产效率高,生产产品每分钟 60~250件3,是紧固件、非标异形件以及些中小型机械零件的主要生产技术。随着有限元模拟技术的发展,Deform-3D模拟分析能够有效地应用到多工位冷成形过程中[4-5],实现了各工序成形过程的可视化,可以很直观地看出各工位变形时的金属流动情况、应力和应变的分布特征,从而能够很好地指导坏料选择、工艺设计,并且减少试验过程的成本,缩短新工艺的开发周期。
小型薄壁套管的结构如图1所示,具有中间外凸缘、圆缺、内部台阶孔以及局部薄壁的结构特征,从成形设备选择上考虑,既无法采用一台压机一次镦锻成形(模具结构复杂),也不易采用多台压机