
第46卷第5期 2017年5月
代化
工
Contemporary Chemica1 Industry
原油管输过程单耗分析研究
杨璐,刘家鑫,田景武
(东北石油大学提高油气果收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318)
Vo1.46,No.5 May,2017
摘要:根据热力学第二定律,将单耗分析理论应用于原油管道的输送过程,提出了原油管输过程的压爆单耗、热单耗以及附加单耗的值和费用的计算方法,并通过系统单因素敏感性分析方法,以大庆某油田管道为例,从温度、压力和输量3个方面分析原油管道单耗随不同影响因素的变化规律,进面确定原油管输过程最优的温度、压力和输量。研究结果表明:随着出站温度的增加,总单耗费用先减小后增大,在出站温度为339 K时达到最优;随着出站压力的增加,压单耗费用逐渐增大,热拥单耗费用逐渐减小,总炯单耗费用逐渐增大,出站压力应取输送工艺要求下的最小值;随着输量的增加,总拥单耗费用先减小后增大,在输量为35m"h 时达到量优。
关键词:单耗分析;原油管输;单耗;优化
中图分类号:TE832
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1671-0460(2017)05-0925-04
Analysis ofSpecificExergyConsumptioninCrudeOilPipelineTransportation
YANG Lu, LIU Jia-xin, TIANJing-wu
(Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang Daqing 163318, China)
Abstract: Based on the second law of thermodynamic, specific consumption analysis theory was applied in the crude oil pipeline transportation. A method to calculate the value and cost of pressure exergy specific consumption, heat exergy specific consumption and additional specific consumption was proposed. By using the method of single factor sensitivity analysis of system, taking a Daqing crude oil pipeline as an example, the variation of exergy consumption in crude oil pipeline transportation with different influential factors was analyzed from the aspects of temperature, pressure and throughput, and then the optimal temperature, the optimal pressure and the optimal throughput were determined. The analysis results indicate that: the cost of total exergy specific consumption decreases first and then increases with increasing of starting temperature, the optimal starting temperature is 339 K; with increasing of starting pressure, the cost of total exergy specific consumption and the pressure exergy specific consumption gradually increase while the heat exergy specific consumption decreases, and the starting pressure should be the minimum value under the requirement of crude oil pipeline; the cost of total exergy specific consumption decreases first and then increases with increasing of throughput, the best throughput is 35 m /h.
Key words: Specific consumption analysis; Crude oil pipeline transportation; Exergy specific consumption; Optimization
随着能源消费的迅速增长,我国的能源危机向题日益严峻,采取合适的方法提高能源的综合利用率、减小能源消耗已成为我国经济发展需要研究的重要课题。分析方法可以展示系统用状况,揭示损分布规律,但是对于拥的传递过程和拥损失的产生原因不能给予很好的解释;拥经济学可以全面正确地反映用能系统载能价值流运动的规律,但是拥经济模型的建立和全局优化的过程比较复杂;单耗分析理论综合拥分析和拥经济学优点的同时,弱化了二者的不确定性和复杂性,将技术水平直接与成本费用相联系,增加了热力学第二定律的实用性,因而易于理解和应用到实际过程中"。
本文将单耗分析理论应用于原油管道输送过程中,对原油管输的拥经济性进行研究,具体分析
原油管输过程的压拥单耗和热拥单耗随不同影响因素的变化规律,通过应用管道输送的拥损失计算管输过程的压拥单耗费用和热单耗费用,核算原油管输的经济效益,确定最优输送参数和节能挖潜的方向。应用单耗分析理论的原油管输拥经济优化研究,有助于对现行的管道输送进行调整改善,也为合理计算原油管道能耗提供理论依据。
管输过程的拥单耗
单耗分析理论,是以热力学第二定律为基础,建立在斓分析理论之上的节能降耗理论。该理论将产品单耗作为指标,分析能量系统运行时各设备的单耗分配以及各单耗的费用,其重点在于分析管道输送过程中能量转换任务下位于产品单耗中的权重
基金项量:国家自热科掌基全资助项目(批准号:51534004);黑龙江省普透高校科授创新图队基金(2009td08)。收编日期:2016-11=11
作者第介:杨端(1991-),女,硕±研究生,黑龙江省大庆市人,研究方向:油气储运系统综合节能。Ema11;1069311812@qq.com。万方数据