EE第 2016年5月
土木
工程
与管理学
报
Joumal of Civil Engineering and Management
建筑生态位理论的发展与应用
王晓鸣”，彭文俊”，华虹”，吴晶霞”
Vol. 33 No.3 May 2016
（华中科技大学a土木工程与力学学院；b.环境科学与工程学院，湖北
武汉430074）
摘要：探讨以建筑与环境和谐共生为目标的建筑生态位理论，是促进中国在向生态文明建设转型大背景下域乡建设和建筑学科可持续发展的新领域。论文综述了建筑生态位概念的三个发展演化阶段，分为传统建筑生态位的芽、现代建筑生态位的提出、建筑生态元的概念与应用；系统梳理了国内外建筑生态位相关念和研究进展；界定了建筑生态位的定义，分析了其具有的宽泛性、阔值性和功能性三个基本特性；指出建筑生态位的拓展研究主要涉及维度、宽度、重叠与分离、构建四个方面；提出了建筑生态位理论在建设项目生态位事件优化、城市空间生态位适宜性规划、生态建筑设计、历史街区生态元保护等方面的重点应用途径。最后展望了建
筑生态位理论研究和实践应用的优先发展领域。关键词：建筑生态位；生态元；建设；适宜性
中图分类号：TU-023；Q14
文献标识码：A
文章编号：2095-0985(2016)03-0001-08
Development and Application of BuildingNicheTheory WANG Xiao-ming",PENG Wen-jun,HUA Hong",WU Jing-xia
( a. School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics; b. School of Environmental Science and Engineering,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
Abstract: Building niche theory aiming al exploring the hamonious and coexistence between buildings and the environment, is a new field to promote the sustainable development on urban and rural construction and architectural disciplines under the transformation background of ecological civilization construction in China. This paper summarized the three development and evolution phases of building niche concept: the initial phase of traditional building niche, the second phase to put forward modern building niche and the third phase of building ecounit's concept and applications, Meanwhile, domestic and foreign-related concepts and research progresses of the building niche were systematically combed. The concept definition of building niche was proposed, which had three basic properties including extensiveness, threshold and functionality. The expanded studies of building niche mainly focused on four aspects: dimensions, width, overlap and separation, and construction. Afterwards, four key application pathways of building niche theory were put forward, such as the optimization of niche events in construction projects, the suitability planning of urban space niche, ecological architecture design, and the conservation of historic districts as ecounits. The priority development fields
of theoretical researches and practical applications of building niche were prospected in conclusion. Key words: building niche; ecounit; construction; suitability
开展建筑生态位理论研究是促进我国城乡建设与建筑可持续发展的迫切需要。为积极应对全球气候变化和生态环境衰退的严峻挑战，2014年
收稿日期：2015-08-02修回日期：2016-01-08
颁发的《国家新型城镇化发展规划（2014-2020)》明确提出了中国的城镇建设要向生态文明建设转变的重大任务。发展绿色生态建筑是推进生态城
作者简介：王晓略（1956-），男，浙江舟山人，教授，博士，研究方向为可持续城市与可持续建筑（Email;xmwang@hust.edu.cn）
通讯作者：彭文俊（1986-），女，河南信阳人，博士研究生，研究方向为人居环境改善（Email：wenjun325@126.com）基金项目：“十二五"国家科技支撑计划（2014BAL04B03）
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