第52卷第14期 2016年7月
机械工程学报
JOURNAL OF MECHANICALENGINEERING
DOI:10.3901/JME.2016.14.040
Vol.52 Jul.
不锈钢外板对5A06铝合金板材液压胀形
行为的影响
张志超1徐永超1,2苑世剑1,2
（1.哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室哈尔滨
150001：
2.哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院哈尔滨150001）
No.14 2016
摘要：薄壁曲面铝合金零件整体液压成形时，易发生起皱和破裂缺陷，探讨通过施加外层板能抑制缺陷发生的机理。采用服半径，讨论经向除力及法间压力对板材应力大小的影响：利用数值模拟给出内层板的应力、应变分布：通过双层板液压胀形试验，对比单层板和双层板条件下，铝合金内层板极限胀形高度、极限应变，分析双层板的变形协调性。结果表明：通过施加不锈钢外层板，减小了5A06铝合金内层板顶部位置面内的双向拉应力，减小了内层板变形区应力、应变梯度，使胀形变形更加均匀，胀形高度提高32%，项部极限应变提高51.7%，极限应变显著提高。
关键词：双层板：5A06铝合金：液压胀形：胀形极限：应力-应变中图分类号：TG394
EffectofOuterStainlessSteelontheDeformationBehaviorof
Hydro-bulgingof5A06AluminumAlloySheet
XUYongchao'.2YUAN Shijian',2
ZHANG Zhichao'
(1. National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001)
Abstraet: In order to avoid the occurrence of wrinkle and fracture during the integral forming process of the huge curved parts with super thin wall, double-layer sheets forming method is developed. Double-layer sheets hydro-bulging with the inner side sheet of 5A06 aluminum alloy sheet of 2.0 mm thick and outer side sheet of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel sheet of 1.0 mm thick is investigated. The bulging radius of sheet is analytically calculated when material yields, and the effect of radial friction and normal pressure on the distribution of stress of blank is analytically studied. The distribution of stress and strain of the inner side sheet during the double-layer sheets hydro-bulging is obtained by Finite clement analysis (FEA) method. In addition, experiment of double-layer sheets hydro-bulging is conducted to investigate the effect and of outer side sheet on the limited bulging height and limited strain of the inner side sheet, and the deformation compatibility of the inner and outer side sheets is verified. The results shows that, when 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel outer sheet is imposed on the 5A06 aluminum alloy inner side sheet, the biaxial tensile stress of innel sheet decreases at the peak of the semi-sphere, and the stress and strain gradient of the whole deformation region of inner sheet decreases. As a result, the deformation of the semi-sphere is more uniform, and the limited bulging height increases by 32%, and the limited strain at the peak increases by 51.7%.
Key words: double-layer sheets: 5A06 aluminum alloy: hydro-bulging: limited bulging height; stress-strain
焊性能好，广泛应用于航空、航天领域的整流罩、
0
前言
5A06铝合金由于比强度高，抗腐蚀能力强，可
+长江孕著和创新团队发展计划(IRT1229)和国家自然科学基金(51375114)资助项目，20150810收到初稿，20160309收到修改势
燃料贮箱等复杂深腔零件。该类超薄壁厚零件整体成形时，坏料径厚比达375以上，通过普通拉深方法成形，极易发生起皱和破裂缺陷，采用充液拉深方法能有效改善悬空区坏料受力状态，避免起皱和破裂缺陷的发生，然而，对于超薄壁厚深腔零件：通过单独增加液室压力增大悬空区径向拉应力，容