第25卷第1期 2011年2月
现代地质 GEOSCIENCE
Vol 25 Na. 1 Feh 2011
石家庄城市土壤重金属污染及潜在生态危害评价
崔邢涛，栾文楼，郭海全2，李随民，宋泽峰，谷海峰
（1.石家庄经济学院资源与环境工程研究所，河北石家庄050031；2.河北省地质调查院，河北石家庄050051）
摘要：以石家庄城市土壤为对象，采用单因子指数法和尼梅罗综合指数法对土壤重金属的环境质量及污染特征进行评价，并采用Hakanson提出的潜在生态危害指数法对土壤中重金属的潜在生态危害进行评价。结果表明，重金属污染程度依次是Cd>Zn>Hg>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cu>As，其中Cu、Pb、As都处于清洁安全状态，Ni绝大部分样点处于清洁安全状态，只有0.45%处于警戒状态，Cd、Hg、Zn、Cr元素都出现污染，其中Cd污染面积最大，达到1.36%；综合污染评价土壤环境整体良好，清洁、安全、警戒、污染土壤面积比例分别为65%、31.82%、2.73%、0.45%，其中警戒及污染土壤面积为3.18%，其形成可能与工业生产及人类活动有关；各重金属元索中，产生潜在生态危害的重金属主要是Hg、Cd，已分别达到强潜在生态危害和中等潜在生态危害水平，其余重金属均为轻度潜在生态危害，综合考虑多种重金属的潜在生态危害性，其轻微生态危害、中等生态危害、强生态危害、很强生态危害的百分比分别是38.6%、 53.2%、7.3%、0.9%，整体表现为中等潜在生态危害。
关键调：城市土壤；重金属污染；潜在生态危害；评价；石家庄
中图分类号：X132；X142
文献标志码：A
文章编号：1000-8527(2011)010169-07
Assessment of theHeavyMetal Pollution andthePotential EcologicalHazard
in Urban Soil of Shijiazhuang City
CUI Xing-tao', LUAN Wen-lou', GUO Hai-quan’, LI Sui-min', SONG Ze-feng', GU Hai-feng(1. Inustitute of Resowree and Entironmental Engineering, Shjiashuang Uniersity of Economics, Shjiachuang, Hebei0031, Chind
2. Insitute of Gerological Swney of Hebei Prorince, Shjiazhuang, Hebei050051, China)
Abstract: With the urban soil of Shijiazhuang city as a target, this essay evaluates the environmental quality of soil heavy metals and pollution characteristics by adopting the single factor index method and Nemerow compre-hensive index method. Besides, the potential ecological hazard index suggested by Hakanson is used to assess the ecological hazard of heavy metal in urban soil. The results show that the elements, according to the pollution degree of heavy metal, are followed by the order of Cd > Zn > Hg > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > As, Most importantly , Cu, Pb, As and most of Ni are in a clean and safe condition, only to find O. 45% of Ni in an alert state. How-ever, Cd, Hg, Zn, Cr are all in the pollution state, especially the pollution of Cd represents the largest polluted area, reaching 1. 36%. On the whole, Integrated Pollution Assessment showed the soil environment is good, in which clean, safe, alert, contaminated soil area ratio is 65% , 31.82% , 2. 73 % , 0. 45% respectively; and alert and contaminated soil area accounts for 3. 18%. Its formation may be related to industrial production and human activities. Heavy metal elements resulting in potential ecological hazard of heavy metals are mainly Hg and Cd, which have reached to strong potential ecological hazard level and moderate potential ecological hazard level, the remaining heavy metals are all mild potential ecological hazard. Considering synthetically the potential ecological hazard of heavy metals, we found that the percentage of small, medium, high and strong ecological hazard is respectively 38. 6% , 53. 2% , 7. 3% , 0. 9%. Therefore, the general performance is the medium po-
收日期：2010-05-07；改回日期：2010-09-08；责任编辑：楼亚儿。基金项目：河北省农业地质调查项目(200040007-2)。
作者简介：崔邢涛，男，助理研究员，碳士，1978年出生，土壤学专业，主要从事环境地球化学方面的研究工作。
Email：exf78520@126.com。