第28卷第5期 2014年10月
现代地质 GEOSCIENCE
三峡库区望霞危岩体变形破坏过程的
综合监测与险情预报
乐琪浪，蔡玲玲，王洪德，高幼龙，金枭豪，张仲林
（中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心，河北保定071051）
Vol. 28No.5
Oct.2014
摘要：三峡库区巫山县望霞危岩体于2010年及2011年两次发生大面积变形破坏，采用全站仪、裂缝位移、GPS等方法对危岩体进行了长期的变形监测，并通过地质基础的调查、监测方案的设计、监测数据的处理、宏观现象的分析，两次成功地对危岩体的跨塌变形实现了预警预报，避免了重大伤亡。研究结果显示，危岩体具有渐变和突变两种类型，在不同的变形阶段应采用相应的监测方法和监测频率，应以地质调查为基础，以监测危岩体关键部位为原则，监测数据的分析要密切结合宏观现象，从后缘、崖壁、崖底全面把握危岩体变形趋势。提出危岩体的监测应做到“详调查、细
部署、观现象、握趋势、准预报”5原则，即“望霞经验”。“望霞经验”可以为危岩体的监测工作提供参考。关键词：望霞危岩体；变形破坏；地质特征；变形监测；险情预报
中图分类号：P642.2
文献标志码：A
文章编号：10008527(2014)05108709
Comprehensive Monitoring ofFailure Process and Danger Forecast of the
Wangxia Unstable RockMass in theThree Gorges Reservoir
LE Qi-lang, CAI Ling-ling,WANG Hong-de, GAO You-long，
JIN Xiao-hao,ZHANG Zhong-lin
(Center for Hydrogeology and Enaironmental Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Baoding, Hebei071051, China)
Abstract : Two serious deformations occurred in the Wangxia unstable rock mass in Wushan County in the Three Gorges Reservoir in 2010 and 2011, but after geological surveying, monitoring-scheme designing, monitoring data processing and macroscopic phenomena analyzing, these collapse deformations were successfully forecasted through long-term monitoring rock masses by total station, crack displacement meter, GPS, etc., avoiding heavy casualties. The deformations of the unstable rock mass contain two types of gradual change and mutation. It should adopt corresponding monitoring methods and frequencies in different deformation stages based on geo-logical survey, and the key parts of the unstable rock masss hould be monitored. The monitoring data should be analyzed with close combination of the macro phenomena, and the deformation trend should be grasped from the rear, precipice and cliff bottom of the rock mass. The monitoring scheme of unstable rock masses should observe the five principles, which are detail investigation, careful deployment, phenomenon observation, grasping trend and accurate prediction, i. e. Wangxia Experience. This experience can provide the reference for monitoring unstable rock masses.
Key words: Wangxia unstable rock mass; deformation failure; geological characteristic; deformation monito ring;danger forecast
收稿日期：2014-03-20；改回日期：2014-09-17责任编辑：潘令枝。基金项目：中国地质调查局地质调查工作项目（12120113008200）。
作者简介：乐琪浪，男，工程师，1985年出生，地质工程专业，主要从事工程地质，地质灾害监测预警方面的研究工作
Email: leqilang@ sina. com。