第38卷
第1期
2017年2月
文章编号：10013873(2017)01-0049-06
疆石油地
质
新
XINJIANG PETROLEUM GEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPG20170108
Vol.38,No.1 Feb.2017
乌尔禾地区油砂光谱特征及其与烷烃含量的关系
童勤龙,刘德长"，余永安”，徐本宏2
（1.核工业北京地质研究院遥感信息与图像分析技术国家级重点实验室，北京100029：
2.中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院，北京100083）
摘要：通过对准噶尔盐地乌尔地区典型油气渗漏区地物光谱测量和化学分析测试，讨论油气渗漏引起的地物异常光谱特征及其与烷烃含量的关系。结果表明，不同烷烃含量的宏观渗异常光谱在2310一2350nm的"W"型双吸收峰较稳定，在1725nm和1760nm附近的单吸收峰变化较大；微观渗漏异常由于烃类含量较少，其光谱在烃类吸收波段的吸收特征不明显，但碧石薄片和光谱显示黏土化蚀变明显。乌尔禾地区油气渗漏引起的黏土化主要为蒙脱石化和伊利石化，通过对不同程度油气渗漏引起的黏土化光谱测量和观案，发现强油气渗漏引起的黏土化光谱在2210nm 附近的羟基吸收峰深度大，弱油气渗漏引起的黏土化光谱在2210nm附近的吸收峰深度较小，此吸收峰深度可间接反映油气渗漏的强弱。通过对油砂光谱在2310nm附近的吸收峰("W"型双吸收峰的左侧峰)宽度、深度、面积、对称度等参数统计和他和烃色谱质谱分析，发现吸收峰深度与油砂中烷烃含量星明显的线性关系，通过拟合的线性表达式，可用吸收峰深度参数估算烷烃的含量，为区城油气探测提供参考。
关键词：准葛尔盐地；岛尔禾地区；油气渗蒲；光谱特征；油砂；黏土化蚀变；烧烃含量
中图分类号：T135.3
文献标识码：A
Spectral Characteristicsof Oil Sand and ItsRelationshipwithAlkaneContents inWuerhe
Area,JunggarBasin
TONG Qinlong', LIU Dechang', YU Yongan', XU Benhong
(1.National Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Information and Image Analysis Technology, Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,
Beijing 100029, China; 2.School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China)
Abstract: By means of spectrometry technology and chemical analysis and test in typical oil and gas seepage areas in Wuerhe area of Jung gar basin, the paper discusses the abnormal spectral characteristics caused by the seepage and its relationship with and alkane contents. The results show that on the macroseepage abnormal spectrum of different alkane contents, W-shaped and double absorption peaks ranging from 2 310 to 2 350 nm are stable and single absorption peaks vary largely around 1 725 nm and 1 760 nm; the hydrocarbon absorption characteristics of microseepage are not obvious due to low hydrocarbon contents, but obvious clay alteration can be observed from rock thin sections and spectra. The clayization resulted from oil and gas seepage is dominated by montmorillonitization andillitization in Wuerhe ar-ea. Based on the measurement and observation of clay spectra caused by oil and gas seepage of different degrees, it is found that the depth of absorption peak of hydroxyl is large around 2 210 nm on the clay spectrum resulted from strong oil and gas seepage, whereas the depth of absorption peak is relatively small around 2 210 nm on the clay spectrum caused by weak seepage, The depth of absorption peak can reflect the intensity of oil and gas seepage indirectly. Based on the statistics of width, depth, area and symmetry of absorption peaks around 2 310 nm ( the left peak of W-shaped and double absorption peak) on oil sand spectrum and analysis on chromatography-mass spectrometry of sat urated hydrocarbons, it is found that there is a linear relationship between the depth of absorption peak and alkane content of oil sand, and alkane contents can be estimated with the parameters of absorption peak depth through a matched linear expression, which could provide references for regional petroleum prospecting.
Keywords: Junggar basin; Wuerhe area; oil and gas seepage; spectral characteristic; oil sand; clay alteration; alkane content
遥感技术应用于油气勘探领域，早期是运用卫星遥感数据进行解译，通过分析遥感影像特征，判别有利的油气构造，从而间接寻找油气"-"。随着高光谱逼感技术的发展和烃类渗漏理论的提出，越来越多的学者开始利用遥感技术直接探测油气藏3-"。
油气渗漏现象分为宏观渗漏和微观渗漏，宏观渗漏是指地表可见的油气渗漏现象，如油气苗、泥火山、沥青脉等，常常受断裂和不整合面控制，在大型盆地边缘较为发育2-13；微观渗漏是指烃类垂直或近于垂直渗漏到地表，油气运移动力来自深部油气藏与地表
收稿日期：2016-07-13
修订日期：2016-10-27
基金项目：中国地质调查局油气战略选区项目(1211302108019-1）
作者简介：童勤龙（1987-），男，重庆人，工程师，硕士，构造地质，（Tel)15210596768(E-mail)dzdxtql@163.com 万方数据