第39卷
第1期
2018年2月
文章编号：1001-3873(2018)01-0035-13
新躯石油地质
XINJIANG PETROLEUM GEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPC20180105
Vol. 39.Nu. Feb.2018
环玛湖凹陷二叠一三叠系沉积构造背景及其演化
何登发"吴松涛"赵龙”，郑孟林”，李涤"路玉
（1.中国地质大学能源学院，北京100083；2.中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院，新疆克拉玛依834000）摘要：准噶尔盆地鸡潮凹陷是已被证实的富油凹陷，以二叠、三叠系砂砾岩扇体油气藏著称于世。揭示扇体发育的构造一沉积环境，是探索构造、气候、地形等因素之间耦合关系的重要窗口，也是进一步评价油气勘探潜力、加快勘探开发进程的重要基础。利用新的钻探与地球物理勘探资料，从"源一汇系统"的概念出发，揭示该区二叠系一三叠系的构造及沉积背景。研究表明，玛湖凹陷是在石炭纪之前的福皱基底基础上，受周缘冲断活动控制而形成的石炭纪一第四纪四陷；二叠纪一三叠纪为鸡潮凹陷的主要沉积充填期，经历了晚石炭世一早二叠世的造山后伸展、中二叠世一中三叠世挤压逆冲以及晚三叠世克拉通内抛陷的演化过程，主要发育冲积扇一扇三角洲一湖治沉积体系；冲断活动的幕式发育与前晨式迁移、撕裂断层与横向构造转换带（区)形成的优势激运通道、干早的气侯环境等因素控制了玛潮国陷周缘规模巨大的扇三角洲体系。伸展背景下风城组的碱潮沉积提供了优质烃源岩，其上的扇三角洲体系提供了有利的储集体，上三叠统厚层泥岩构成区域盖层，共同形成了一个完整的含油气体系。玛湖四陷含油气潜力巨大，多层系立体期探前景广阔。
关键词：玛湖凹陷；地质结构；时空格架；构造背景；沉积环境；大油气田
中图分类号：TE121.3
文献标识码：A
Tectono-Depositional Setting and Its Evolution during Permian to Triassic around Mahu Sag,
JunggarBasin
HE Dengfa',WU Songtao',ZHAO Long,ZHENG Menglin, LI Di', LU Yu
(1.School of Energy and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 2.Research Institute of Exploration and
Development, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China)
Abstract: Mahu sag in Junggar basin is proved to be rich of oil and gas, and famous for its Permian and Triassic oil and gas pools in sandy conglomerate fans, To discuss the tectono-depositional sctting for the development of fan bodies is an important clue to explore the coupling among the tectonic, the climatic, and the geomorphic processes, is a foundation for appraisal of petroleum exploration potential, and an ac-celerator for petroleum exploration and development, Based on the newly-acquired drilling and geophysical exploration data, the paper is to disclose the tectono-depositional setting during Permian to Triassic Period from a point of view of sedimentary source to sink concept. The study result shows that the Mahu sag is a depression of Carboniferous to Quatermary built upon the pre-Carboniferous folded basement. The Permian to Triassic saw its dominant period of sedimentary flling, and underwent such evolution processes as the post-orogenic extension during Late Carboniferous to Early Permian, the compression and thrusting during Middle Permian to Midlle Triassic, and intra-cratonic depression in Late Triassic, during which alluvial fan, fan delta, and lake sedimentary systems were mainly developed. The episodic and breaking-forward thrusting, the priority transportation pathways made up of tear faults and lateral transfer zones and the arid environment controlledl the large-scale fan delta systems in and around Mahu sag. It is an integrated petroliferous system with the Fengcheng fomation mudstones in the extensional alkaline lacustrine facies as the excellent hydrocarbon source, the overlying fan deltas as the favorable reser-voirs, and the Upper Triassic thick mudstone as the regional cap roxck, The Mahu sag is of great potential for oil and gas, and has a board pruspect for multi-layer stereoscopic exploration.
Keywords: Mahu sag; geological architecture; tempo-space framework; tectonic setting; sedimentary environment; giant oil and gas field
近十年来，准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷三叠系百口泉组、克拉玛依组及二叠系上乌尔禾组等层系岩性地层油气藏的系列发现，充分展示了其巨大的勘探潜力1-2。自下二叠统风城组烃源岩到上三叠统白碱滩组厚层泥岩盖层，形成了一个重要的含油气体系，其内发育完整有效的生、储、盖组合。揭示二叠系一三
收稿口期：2017-11-28
修订日期：20171225
叠系沉积充填的构造背景和沉积物分散方式，是导找优质有效储集体、预测有利岩性地层圈闭、剖析沟通源储的运移通道和建立油气成藏模式的重要基础。
关于二叠系一三叠系的沉积构造背景，一是涉及物源区的位置及其性质，主要与准噶尔盆地西北缘的加依尔山、谢米斯台山等山系的发育有关；二是沉积
基金项：国家白然科学基金（41430316：40739906：41272237）
作者简介：何登发（1967-）.男，四川阅中人，教授，博士生导师，石油地质，（Tel)13701286868（E-mail）herlengfa282@263.ne 万方数据