植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(6)：1433-1438 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
固、液态磷源在石灰性土壤中的移动性及其对
土壤有效磷含量影响的研究
叶壮'，褚贵新!·，冶军"，胡云才2，梁永超，谭崇文
（1新疆生产建设兵闭绿洲生态农业重点实验室，石河子大学农学院资源环境系，新疆石河子832000；
2德国蔡尼黑工业大学植物营养研究所，幕尼黑，德国D-85350）
摘要：采用同心圆扩胶法对固体和酸性液体磷肥在石灰性土壤中的移动性与有效性进行研究。结果表明，土壤01-sen-P含量随施肥点圈层由内向外层面递减，液肥处理的Olsen-P虽在施肥点以外的3个土壤圈层中均高于固肥处理。固体肥料大分停留在距施肥点0~7.5mm剧层，占施磷总量的55%～70%；液体肥料蛋在0~7.5mm层的含量低于固体肥料（约占15%～40%），但在远离施肥点的后3个周层（7.5～43mm）中均高于固体肥料处理，其中7.5~13.5mm最为明显（液肥占35%，固肥占20%）。3种施磷量在砂土、壤土及粘土上均表现出一致的变化规律。肥料对土壤pH值的影响仪限制在距施肥点最近的0～7.5mm范围，该层的pH值显著低于后层。本研
究说明在石灰性土壤中液体磷的移动性、有效性明显高于固体磷，但对土壤pH值尤显著影响。关键词：石灰性土壤；液态和固态磷肥；磷的移动性；磷的有效性
中图分类号：S153.6*1；S143.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008-505X(2010)06-1433-06
A comparison of mobility and availability of granular and fluid phosphate
fertilizers in calcareous soils underlaboratory conditions YE Zhuang', CHU Gui-xin'', YE Jun', HU Yun-cai’, LIANG Yong-chao', TAN Chong-wen'
(I Xinjiang Production and Construction Group Oasis Ecological Agriculture Key laboratory/Depariment of Resources and
Environmental Science, Agronomy College,Shihezi Unitersity, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China;
2 Institute of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich D85350, Germany)
Abstract: Phosphorus fixation in a calcareous soil is a major factor limiting mobility and availability of P fertilizer. This work employed Petridish to investigate the differences between granular and fluid forms of P fertilizers placed in three calcareous soils. The results indicate that Olsen-P is decreased with increasing distance from the central sec tion where the fertilizer is applied. The contents of soil Olsen-P under the fluid fertilization in all sections are higher than those of the granular fertilization except the 0 7. 5 mm section. Almost 55%70% of the fertilizer P remains within 7. 5 mm section from the granule fertilizer, but in other three sections, this value is lower than that of the fluid fertilizers, especially in 7.5 13.5 mm section (fluid 35% > granular 20% ). The three fertilizer amounts show the same diversification in three soil types. Changes in pH caused by the fertilization are small and limit to the soil section where the fertilizer is applied. Soil pH is significantly low in the 0 13. 5 mm section across all soil types (p <0. 05). When apply different foms of P fertilizers to the calcareous soils, the fluid fertilization can pro-vide a greater diffusion, availability compared with the granular fertilizers.
Key words: calcareous soil; fluid and granular fertilizer; phosphorus diffusion; phosphorus availability
收稿日期：2010-01-11
接受日期：2010-04-29
基金项目：教育部"春辉计划"项日（2005-2-83003）；新强兵团农业科技攻关项月（04CC03）资助。作者简介：叶壮（1985—），男，新覆金电市人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤与植物营养生理生态研究。
*通讯作者Tel：09932057993，E-mail;chuguixin@gmail.oom 万方数据