植物营养与肥料学报2016,22(6)：1690-1695 Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10.11674/zwyf.14585 http:/www.plantnutrifert.org
生物炭对土壤磷素转化的影响及其机理研究进展
刘玉学，唐旭，杨生茂，吕豪豪，汪玉瑛
（浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州310021；浙江省生物炭工程技术研究中心，杭州310021）摘要：【目的】土壤中磷素总量及形态变化是其发挥营养元素作用和造成环境潜在威胁的重要固素。作为一种外源输入的新型功能材料，生物炭对调节土壤磷素转化及其功能发挥具有重要意义。本文重点针对农业生态系统中生物炭影响土壤磷素转化的研究进展进行综述，并对相应的影响机制进行探讨，旨在为生物炭在农田土壤瞬素迁移转化方面的应用及调控提供理论依据。【主要进展】生物可有效增加土壤中有效磷的供给，不仅由于生物炭本身含有较高的磷解，其施人土壤后，还可以调节土壤pH，吸附土壤磷系与金属的络合物，直接作为土壤微生物的碳素营养，提高土壤磷素的生物转化率等途径。【展望】生物炭研究应针对低肥力土壤进行生物炭适宜类型和添加量的研究，防止由于可能的磷素过多导致养分供应的不平衡。由于生物炭本身的含磷量较高，还应进行增施生物炭适当减少磷肥用量的试验，以提高生产效益。生物炭对根际土壤磷活性影响与实际生产椎关更加密切，也应投入更多的注意力。此外，作为较为新兴的改土材料，生物炭施入土壤后的长期效应还有待观察和评估。
关键词：生物炭；土壤；有效磷；磷素转化；养分循环
中图分类号：S153.6*1；S141.9
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2016)06169006
Review ontheeffectofbiocharon soilphosphorustransformationandmechanisms
LIU Yu-xue, TANG Xu, YANG Sheng-mao', LU Hao-hao, WANG Yu-ying
( Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Ferrilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 31002], Chind,
Engineering Research Cenfer of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China )
Abstract: [ Objectives J Total amount and morphologic changes of soil phosphorus are important factors of influencing its function as a nutrient element and causing potential threaten to environment. As a kind of new exogenous material, biochar is of great importance in adjusting soil phosphorus transformation. This paper reviewed the research progress of biochar effect on soil phosphorus transformation in agricultural ecosystem, and discussed related action mechanisms, which was aimed at providing theoretical basis for biochar application on the migration and transformation of phosphorus in farmland soil. [ Main advances ] Soil available phosphorus content could be significantly increased with the application of biochar. There are four main approaches in the reported results.Biochar contains high level of P in themself, so biochar can be used as an effective phosphorus source. Biochar could regulate soil pH, adsorb the complex of soil phosphorus and metal, and provide carbon nutrient for soil microorganism. [ Further research needed ] The proper type and application amount in low fertility soils need to be clearified to prevent the unbalance of nutrient supply. The potential of decreasing phosphorous fertilizer input should be considered because of the high level of P content in biochar. More attention should be paid in the interaction of biochar with rizhosphere soil nutrient, which is more closely related with the availability of soil phosphorous availability.As a relatively new soil remediation material, the long term effect of
biochar after applied into soil should be examined and evaluated for the cost effective use. Key words: biochar; soil; available phosphorus; phosphorus transformation; nutrient cycle
收稿日期：2014-12-23
接受日期：20150302
基金项目：浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY14D010005，LY16D010004）；国家国际科技合作专项（2014DFE90040）；国家公益性行业
（农业）科研专项（201303095，201203089）资助。
作者简介：刘玉学（1983一），男，天津萄县人。博土，助理研究员，主要从事生物炭土壤环境行为与环境效应、农业固碳减排等研究。
E-mail;liuyuxue505@163.com。*通信作:者 E-mail;yangshengmao@263.net
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