植物营养与肥料学报2016,22(4)：1102-1110 Joumal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10.11674/zwyf.15068 http: //www. plantnutrifert., org
喷施钙对肥城桃果活性钙含量及其
在亚细胞分布的影响
王雷，李玲，陈修德，韩小虎，王钰馨，高东升*（作物生物学国家重点实验室，山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，秦安271000）
摘要：【目的】肥城桃是山东特产，但经常发生缝合线褐变、不耐储藏等间题，补充钙肥是减轻其生理病害的有效措施。了解肥城桃的需钙规律，为肥城桃补充钙素营养提供理论依据和技术指导。【方法】以11年生红里肥桃为试材，从花后一个月开始，每隔30d在选取的肥桃果树上喷施钙肥。试验设3个处理：1)喷施0.5%氨基酸钙溶液； 2)喷施0.5%硝酸钙；3)喷施清水为对照。从4月28日起每隔30d采样，测定果皮、果肉、果核、果仁总钙含量
量均以幼果期最高，随着果实的成熟，全钙、水溶性钙、果胶酸钙含量均呈下降趋势，喷钙处理在一定程度上提高了果皮、果肉、果核及果仁的总钙含量，其中果肉总钙含量变化最明显，在果实成熟期，喷施氮基酸钙及硝酸钙的处理果肉总钙含量分别增加了68%、77%。通过电镜观察，喷钙果肉细胞中钙均匀分布于细胞壁、细胞膜、液泡膜上，液泡中有钙的堆积；未喷钙细胞壁中钙的分布减少，细胆膜、液泡膜上钙也均匀分布；发生竭变的果肉细胞内钙分布很少且不均匀。【结论】肥城桃果实中全钙含量随着果实生长而迅速下降。喷施钙肥能提高果实全钙尤其是水溶性钙及果胶钙的含量，增加细胞壁钙的分布，有利于缓解果实发育过程中钙含量的下降。喷施氨基酸钙
和硝酸钙都能增加肥城桃果肉的不溶性果胶含量，提高果实硬度。关键词：叶面喷钙；肥城桃；钙动态；钙组分；钙亚细胞分布
中图分类号：S143.7*2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2016)04110209
EffectoffoliarCasprayingoncalciumdynamics,fractionsand
subcelluar distribution of pulp cells of Feicheng peach WANC Lei, LI Ling, CHEN Xiu-de, HAN Xiao-hu, WANC Yu-xin, GAO Dong-sheng
(1I State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University,
Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China)
Abstract: [Objectives] Feicheng peach has been always suffered from problems such as browning and poor storability. Calcium fertilization is an effective measure to deal with these problems. Understanding the absorption and distribution of calcium in cells will provide a theoretical basis for calcium fertilization. [ Methods】 A field experiment was conducted with 11 year-old Feicheng peach trees as materials in Feicheng City, Shandong Province. 0. 5% amino acid-Ca and 0. 5% Ca( NO,), were used as Ca fertilizers, and foliar spraying was carried out every 30 days since one month after the florescence, and water was sprayed in the same way in control. The skin, flesh, stone and seed samples were collected every 30 days since 37 days after florescence. The contents of dfferent calcium fractions were measured. The Ca subcelluar distribution in pulp cells was observed using electrical microscope. [Results] The highest calcium content was in young fruit stage. The total calcium contents, water soluble calcium contents and pectate calcium contents showed downward trends with the maturity of the fruits. Spraying calcium increased the total calcium contents in the skin, flesh, stone and seeds, with the most significant increase in flesh. At the fruit mature period, the total Ca contents of flesh treated with amino acid-Ca and Ca
收稿日期：2015-02-02
接受日期：20150823
网络出版日期：201605-05
基金项目：“肥城机"提质增效工程研究；山东省现代农业产业技术体系水果产业创新团队—栽培与设施装备项目（SDAIT-03-022-05)资助。作者简介：王雷（1989一），男，山东滨州人，硕士研究生，主要从事果树生理方面的研究。E-mail：wllhaha@126.com
*通信作者 E-mail; dsgao@ sdau.edu.cn
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