植物营养与肥料学报2013,19(1)：74-81 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
doi:10.11674/zwyf.2013.0109
长期不同施肥下红壤性水稻土综合肥力评价
及其效应
包耀贤，黄庆海”，徐明岗1*，于寒青
（1农业部植物营养与肥料重点开放实验室，中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京100081；
2江西省红壤研究所，江西进贤331700）
摘要：以江西进贤红壤性水霜土长期试验为基础，运用模糊数学及统计学方法进行土壤肥力综合评价及其效应研究，以期达到土壤培肥的目的。结果表明，有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、物理性粘粒、团聚度和团聚体稳定率为研究区土壤肥力评价最小数据集，由其所得评价结果具有高度代表性和科学性。NPKM的SFI值最大且与其他处理均呈显著差异。NPKM、2NPK、NPK各处理SFI值分别高出对照（CK）31.3%、13.0%和10.1%。SFI值的时间演变为NPKM处理先增后降，临界年限在第12年，N和CK处理缓降，其它处理缓增。一定范围内，二次曲线较直线更能揭示作物产量与SFI的关系，进一步拟合发现，SFI和作物相对产量间符合"S"型波尔效受生长曲线，SFI增至 0.60时，相对产量增幅趋零，NPKM处理（SFI=0.688）已属于此；模拟可知，作物产量趋稳时相应施肥年限表现为 NPKM（2a）<2NPK（8a） 偏施肥对土琅肥力贡献不力，尤其是长期单施氮反使土壤肥力下降。关键词：红壤性水稍土；长期施肥；综合肥力评价；相对产量
中图分类号：S158.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)01007408
Assessmentandeffectsofintegratedsoilfertilityinred
paddy soil under different long-term fertilization BAO Yao-xian', HUANC Qing-hai'’, XU Ming-gang'', YU Han-qing"
(I Key Laboralory of Plant Nurition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agricaulture/Institute of Agriculural Resources and
Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Bejing 10008, China
2 Red Soil Institute of Jiangxi Prorince, Jinxian, Jiangxi 331700, China)
eeesaaeanone province. Integrated soil fertility was evaluated and its effects were analyzed by fuzzy mathematics and statistics methods. The results showed that organic matter, available N, available P, available K, physical clay, aggregate ratio and aggregate stability were proposed a minimum data set( MDS) for soil fertility assessment and the evaluation results produced by MDS had good representativeness and scientificalness. Among all treatments, SFI for NPKM was maximum and had a significant difference with SFI for other treatments. Compared to the control, the SFI of NPKM, 2NPK and NPK treatments was about 31.3%, 13.0% and 10.1% higher respectively.As time went on, the SFI for NPKM treatment increased firstly and decreased subsequently and the critical time was 12th year after cultivated, the SFI for N and CK treatments slowly decreased and that of other treatments slowly increased over time. Within a certain range, the quadratic curve fitting could better reveal the relationship between total yield and SFI than that of the linear fitting. Further fitting found that the relationship of SFI and relative yield accorded with
收稿日期：201204-11
接受日期：20120910
基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973课题）（2011CB100501）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项(201203030）资助。
作者简介：包军贤（1975—一），男，甘肃率县人，博士，工师，主要从事土擦质量特征及评价研究。E-mail：byx1822@126.com
*通信作者E-mail：mgxu@caas.ac.cn
万方数据