植物营养与肥料学报2013，19(5）：1200-1206 Joumal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10. 11674/zwyf. 2013. 0520
长期施肥与地膜覆盖对棕壤交换性钙、镁的影响
王亮，李双异，汪景宽*，顾鑫，孟凡奎
（沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院，辽宁沈阳110866）
摘要：本文以沈阳农业大学棕填长期定位试验站（始于1987年）玉米连作试验为研究对象，探讨了施肥与地膜覆盖对棕壤中交换性钙、镁含量的影响，以及交换性钙、镁和pH之间的相关性。研究结果表明：试验地0一40cm土填交换性钙含量在1.34~2.52g/kg之间，交换性镁含量在0.30~0.66g/kg之间，目前都比较丰富，作物基本不会出现缺钙缺镁症状。经过24年的不同施肥处理，施有机肥土壤表层（0一20cm）交换性钙和交换性镁含量呈明显增加趋势，施用化肥土壤表层交换性钙和交换性镁含量呈明显下降趋势。无论不覆膜还是覆膜，单施化肥底层(20一40cm）土壤交换性钙和交换性镁含量大于表层；施用有机肥土壤交换性钙含量在两个层次差异不明显，交换性镁含量土壤表层大于底层。覆膜与不覆膜相比，单施化肥土壤覆膜后表层土壤交换性钙和交换性镁含量增加，底层含量降低，而有机肥处理表现的不明显。土填表层交换性钙和交换性镁与pH之间都有极显著的正相关关系。关键调：棕壤；交换性钙；交换性镁；长期定位施肥；覆膜
中图分类号：S153.6+1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)05120007
Effect of long-term plastic film mulching and fertilization on exchangeable
calciumandmagnesiumcontentsinbrownearth WANG Liang, LI Shuang-yi, WANG Jing-kuan', GU Xin, MENG Fan-kui
(College of Land and Emxironment, Shenyang Agricultural Unixersity, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China)
Abstract: Soil exchangeable Ca and Mg contents were determined in continuous maize cropping system under different fertilization and plastic film mulching in the long-term brown earth experimental station (started in 1987) in Shenyang Agricultural University, Laoning Province, China. The results show that the contents of soil exchangeable Ca (0 40 cm) are from 1. 34 g/kg to 2. 52 g/kg, soil exchangeable Mg from 0. 30 g/kg to 0. 66 g/kg. Soils in this area are very rich in Ca and Mg, the deficiency of Ca and Mg in maize is rarely happened. Besed on the 24 years' experiment, the exchangeable soil Ca and Mg in the topsoil (0 20 cm) keep increasing in plots applied with manure, decreasing in plots applied with inorganic fertilizers. The exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg contents in topsoil applied with inorganic fertilizers are lower than in subsoil (20 40 cm). The exchangeable Ca and Mg in topsoil are enhanced in the treatments of plastic film mulching and chemical-fertilizer addition. There are significant positive correlations between exchangeable Ca and Mg with pH in these treatments, which means the exchangeable Ca and Mg contents are influenced by soil pH.
Key words: brown earth; exchangeable Ca; exchangeable Mg; long-term fertilization; plastic film mulching
钙作为植物生长所必需的中量营养元素，对提高植物的抗逆性发挥着很大的作用，并且能够和土壤中的有机质结合形成土壤粘粒组分的胶结剂，可
收稿日期：2012-11-26
接受日期：2013-06-04
以促进土填颗粒的团聚，对土团粒结构的形成有很大作用]。土壤如果缺钙，则植物生长发育受到限制，会使一些作物的品质下降，甚至会发生一些生
作者简介：王亮（1987-—），男，辽宁铁岭人，硕士，主要从事土擦肥力、土壤质量等方面的研究。E-mail；lin_tianshi@126.com
*通信作者E-mail：j-kwang@163.com
万方数据