植物营养与肥料学报2013,19(4)：773-780 Jourmal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10. 11674/zwyf. 2013. 0401
钾对不同基因型玉来生长、体内钟循环
和分配的影响
王意琼，刘会玲'，王艳群，王西志'，李春俭2，彭正萍!·（1河北农业大学资环学院，河北保定071001；2中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京100193）
摘要：钾素循环和再利用对维持植物生长和提高钾利用效率非常重要。本文以杂交玉米豫玉23和兴农998为供试作物，采用供应高钾(1.85mmol/L)和低钾(0.1mmol/L）营养液的石英砂培养方法，研究不同基因型玉米各器官干重和钾积累及分配、体内钾在木质部和韧皮部中的循环、流动及钾效率等。结果表明，低钾处理10d后，与高钾处理相比，低钾降低两玉米品种各器官干重净增量、钾浓度、钾积累量、钾吸收效率和木质部中钾的运输量，增加钾利用效率和源叶中韧皮部输出的钾，提高钾通过韧皮部的再循环量及占木质部运输总量的比例。低钾处理的豫玉23和兴农998上部叶均为钾库，钾积累量的38.5%和70.3%是由各自中、下部叶韧皮部输出的钾供给，但体内光合产物和钾向上部叶的运输是不完全同步的过程。两品种比较，低钾处理下的豫玉23较兴农998干重净增量提高，在于前者具有较大根量、较高钾吸收速率和较多钾索吸收量，木质部中有更多的钾通过叶片韧皮部输出进行循环运输进人上部叶；但豫玉23对介质中钾的吸收大于体内钾的再利用。钾营养高效基因型玉米应该具有较强的吸收和利用体内钾的能力。
关键词：不同玉米基因型；钾水平；库源关系；钾循环和分配
中图分类号：S513.01；S143.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)040773-08
Effects of potassium onplantgrowth,potassiumcycle and
distributionindifferentmaizegenotypes
WANG Yi-qiong', LIU Hui-ling' , WANG Yan-qun', WANG Xi-zhi', LI Chun-jian’, PENG Zheng-ping' *(I College of Resources and Enironmental Sciences, Agricultural Unitersity of Hebei, Baoding O71001, Ching 2 College of Resources and Enuironmental Sciences, China Agricultural Unitersity, Bejing 100193, China)
Abstract: Potassium (K) cycling and recycling are important for maintaining plant growth and enhancing K use efficiency. Two maize (Zea Mays L. ) hybrids, yuyu 23 and xingnong 998, were used as the testing materials. Two K levels, high (1.85 mmol/L) and low (0.1 mmol/L) were set up under the conditions of sand and nutrient culture. Dry weight, K accumulation and distribution in each organ of maize, K cycling and flowing between xylem and phloem, K uptake and use efficiency were studied. The results show that during the ten days after the high and low K applications, compare with the high K treatment, the dry weight, K concentration and accumulation in each plant organ, K uptake efficiency and transported amount in the xylem under the low K treatment are decreased while the K use efficiency and retranslocated amount from leaves by phloem are increased. At the same time, the K recycling from lower leaves to roots through phloem is activated under the low K condition, and then transported to the upper leaves via xylem. The upper leaves of two maize cultivars are the K sink in the low K treatment, 38. 5% and 70. 3% of K are provided by phloem of the middle and lower leaves, but their assimilation is not synchronized with K transportation to the upper leaves. In the low K treatment, the dry weight increment of yuyu23 is higher than
收稿日期：2012-1114
接受日期：201304-11
基金项目：国家科技支撑计划粮丰工程河北项目区（2011BAD16B08，2012BAD04B06，2013BAD07B05）：省白然科学基金项目（C2010000755）；
国家自热科学基金（31071362）资助：
作者简介：王意琼（1988一），女，期北竹溪人，硕士研究生，主要从事植物生理与生态研究。E-mail；825907451@qq.com
通信作者E-mail：pengzhengpingsohu.coar
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