植物营养与肥料学报2013,19(5）：1155-1165 Joumal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2013.0515
菜地追施猪粪沼液后NH和N,O排放
特征及氮损失率
新红梅，常志州，吴华山，郭德杰，黄红英，马艳，徐跃定，张建英（江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，江苏省农业废弃物资源化工程技术中心，南京210014）
摘要：将厌氧发酵残留物作为肥料还田是其资源化利用的有效途径，但国内外对其还田后氨气（NH，）和氧化亚氮（N,O)的排放特征及氮素利用率的报道较少。本研究通过微区试验，探讨了冬季和夏季大棚菜地追施猪粪沼液(DPS)后NH，和N,O的排放速率及氮素损失率。结果发现，追施DPS后菜地NH，挥发激增，通常发生在施肥后的48h内；而N,O排放量在第一次施肥后大幅增加，随后逐步趋于稳定。追施DPS的处理其NH，和N,O的排放量均显著高于施用化肥的处理，冬季和夏季二者的损失量分别占肥料总量的16.4%～23.2%和24.7%～27.5%。
土壤温度、水分和pH对沼液中氮素以NH，和N,O的形式损失的影响较大。关键词：猪类沼液；NH，挥发；N,O排放；氮损失率；菜地
文章编号：1008505X(2013)051155-11
中图分类号：S141.2
文献标识码：A
NH, and N,O emission and nitrogen loss rate from biogas liquid produced by pig slurry after topdressing on vegetable fields
JIN Hong-mei, CHANG Zhi-zhou'' , WU Hua-shan, GUO De-jie, HUANG Hong-ying, MA Yan, XU Yue-ding, ZHANG Jian-ying
(Institute of Agricultural Resoturces and Enuironment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Agricultural
Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Nanjing 210014, China)
Abstract: Application of the by-products from anaerobic digestion of animal manures is a promising solution in recycling animal wastes as resources. By the end of 2008, about 0. 13 billion tons of liquid and solid digested residues have been produced in China. The predominating portion of which is in liquid state, The produced biogas liquid after anaerobic digestion is characterized by the high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P). These digested slurries are very often applied on the top of vegetable fields not only as valuable nutrient resources, but also increases soil fertility and plant nutrition. As the high availability of the nutrients in biogas slurry, N loss would happen through ammonia ( NH,) volatilization and nitrous oxide (N,O) emission. To understand the loss of N after topdressing of biogas liquid from anaerobic digested pig slurry ( DPS), a field experiment was carried out in a vegetable greenhouse in winter and early summer. The NH, and N,O emissions were assessed and soil dissolved mineral and organic nitrogen contents were detemined, the nitrogen loss and N efficiency of biogas liquid were calculated and the key drivers of the dynamics in soil NH, and N,O emissions were discussed. The results showed that NH, emission was observed immediately following every topdressing time of DPS and tended to increase in the following 48 h. The N,O emission was burst after the first topdressing time, and slightly increased in the subsequent topdressing periods and the emission rate tended to be steady. The average NH, and N,O emission rates from DPS treatments were significantly higher than those from chemical fertilizer. Overall 16. 4%23. 2% of the N contained in the biogas liquid lost through NH, and
收稿日期：2013-01-07
接受日期：201305-21
基金项目：公益性行业（农业）科研专项(200903011-01）资助。
作者简介：新红梅（1982一），女，河北吴桥人，副研究员，主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用方面的研究。E-mail：jinhm1201@hotmail.com
→通信作者 Tel;02584390238,E-mail; czhizhou@hotmail. com
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