植物营养与肥料学报2013，19(5)：10481057 Joumal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2013.0503
缓/控释肥对杂交水稻根系形态、生理特性
和产量的影响
彭玉，马均*，蒋明金，严奉君，孙永健，杨志远
（四川农业大学水稻研究所，农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室，四川温江611130）
摘要：以杂交中稍F优498为试验材料，采用两因素裂区试验研究4种氮肥种类（尿素一道清、尿素常规运筹、硫包膜缓释肥、树脂包膜控释肥)在不同移栽秧龄施肥对水稻不同生育期根系形态及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明，在秧苗3叶1心、5叶1心移栽时水稻在结实期的总根长、根系体积和根系伤流强度比7叶1心移裁时高。与施用尿素相比，施用缓/控释肥显著增加了根干重、总根长、根系体积和根系伤流强度。在不同移栽秧龄下，施用缓/控释肥均能促进水稍根系生长并向土壤深层分布，保持根系活力。相关分析表明，水稽籽粒产量与抽穗后的根干重、总根长、根系表面积、伤流强度和10cm以下的根系分布比例呈显著或极显著正相关。综合根系形态生理与产量表现，
5叶1心移栽、施用树脂包膜控释肥，为本试验的最佳处理。关键词：水稽；缓/控释肥：根系；形态生理
中图分类号：S145.6
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)05104810
Effectsofslow/controlledreleasefertilizersonrootmorphological
andphysiologicalcharacteristicsofrice
PENG Yu, MA Jun', JIANG Ming-jin, YAN Feng-jun, SUN Yong-jian, YANG Zhi-yuan
( Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming
System in Southest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130, China)
Abstract: Effects of different types of nitrogen fertilizer, including conventional urea applied as single basal application (F1), normal urea management (F2), sulfur coated slow release fertilizer (F3) and resin coated controlled release fertilizer (F4), and different transplanting seedling ages, including 3leaf (T1), 5leaf (T2) and 7leaf (T3), on root morphological and physiological characteristics of rice ( cultivar of F you 498) were studied using the split block experiment design. The slow/controlled release fertilizer whose nutrient release rate is basically consistent with fertilizer requirement of crop is used as a new type fertilizer with long time affections. In some crops, it realizes one-time basal fertilizer application and thus simplifies fertilizer application technology thoroughly. The results show that nitrogen fertilizer can alleviate adverse impact of later transplanting on the growth of roots. The total root lengths, root volumes and root bleeding intensities of the 3leaf and 5leaf are higher than those of the 7leaf at the bearing stage. Compared to conventional urea application, applying the slow-controlled release fertilizer increases root dry weight, total root length, root volume and root bleeding intensity significantly in the late growing stages which are the critical period for rice growth. The root dry weight, total root length, total root surface area, root bleeding intensity and root weight distribution ratio below 10 cm soil layer have a significant relationship with the yield at the maturing stage. Different transplanting seedling ages and nitrogen types affect rice growth mainly through total root length, root volume and root bleeding intensity, At different transplanting seedling
收稿日期：2013-01-08
接受日期：20130516
基金项目：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目（2011BAD16B05,2012BAD04B13）；国家自然科学基金（31101117）；四川省教育厅资助科研项目
(10ZA047)；四川省育种攻关专项(2011NZ0098-15-1)资助。
作者简介：彭玉（1987一），男，四川崇州人，硕土研究生，主要从事水稽栽培研究。E-mail；Windwingpengyu@163.com
+通信作者E-mail;majunp2002@163,eom
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