植物营养与肥料学报2013,19(2)：361-369 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
doi: 10. 11674/zwyf. 2013. 0212
活化磷矿粉对重金属污染土壤上葛苣生长
与品质的影响
许学慧，姜冠杰，付庆灵，刘永红，胡红青”
（华中农业大学资源与环境学院，武汉430070）
摘要：用0.5mol/L草酸与南漳和保康两地的两种低品位磷矿粉在一定条件下混合培养后，施于重金属污染的土壤，通过盆栽试验，研究草酸活化磷矿粉对重金属污染土旗上莴苣生长和品质的影响。结果表明，盆栽试验中，与对照相比，施加磷矿粉和活化磷矿粉后，葛的株高、叶片叶绿素SPAD值、叶片和基的维生素C含量都有不同程度的提高，其效果为活化磷矿粉>磷矿粉>对照，而叶和茎的硝酸盐含量则降低。同时，施加磷矿粉和活化磷矿粉可以提高土壤有效磷、交换性钙、镁含量，降低交换态重金属含量，进而降低葛苣各部分对重金属元素的吸收，如施加活化磷矿粉后葛首根中Cd、Cu的含量比对照最高可降低55.1%、55.24%，地上部分中Cd、Cu的含量比对照
最高可降低59.3%、53.4%，降低重金属含量的效果依次为活化磷矿粉>磷矿粉>对照。关键词：草酸；括化：磷矿粉；葛苣
中图分类号：S143.2*1；S636.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2013)02036109
Effectofactivatedphosphaterocksongrowthandquality
oflettuce inheavy metal contaminated soils XU Xue-hui, JIANG Guan-jie, FU Qing-ling, LIU Yong-hong, HU Hong-qing
(College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural Unitersity, Wuhan 430070, China)
Abstract: Two kinds of low-grade phosphate rock collected from Nanzhang and Baokang were mixed with 0. 5 mol/L oxalic acid and cultured under certain conditions. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of oxalic acid activated phosphate rocks on the quality of lettuce grown in heavy metal contaminated soils, The results show that compared with the control, the plant heights, chlorophyll SPAD values and vitamin C contents of lettuce are increased after applying the phosphate rocks and the activated phosphate rocks and the effect order is : the activated phosphate rocks > the phosphate rocks > the control, while the nitrate contents are reduced. At the same time, the contents of soil available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and magnesium are increased, and the exchangeable heavy metal contents are decreased under the applications of the phosphate rocks and the activated phosphate rocks. The absorptions of heavy metals in various parts of lettuce are reduced, for example, compared with the control, applying activated phosphate rocks can reduce the Cd and Cu contents mostly by 55. 1% and 55. 24% in lettuce roots, and 59.3% and 53.4% in the shoots of lettuce, respectively. The order of the reduced effects of heavy metals is: the activated phosphate rocks > the phosphate rocks > the control. These results indicate that the oxalic acid activated phosphate rocks have better effect for decreasing heavy metals uptake compared with the raw phosphate rocks.
Key words: oxalic acid; activation; phosphate rock; lettuce
收稿日期：2012-0704
接受日期：201209-06
基金项目：教育部博士点基金（20090146110003）；国家自然科学基金（41071165）资助。
作者简介：许学慧（1983一），男，内蒙古包头人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤重金属污染修复研究。E-mail：xuxuehui721816@163.com
●通信作者 E-mail;hqhu@mail. hzau. edu. cn
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