第45卷第6期 2015年6月
涂料工业
PAINT&COATINGS INDUSTRY
Vol.45No.6 Jun.2015
3种常用壁画保护材料的力学性能和水汽透过性研究
苏伯民1,2，张化冰1,2，蒋德强3,赵永成1.2，张瑞1,2
（1.敦煌研究院保护研究所，甘肃敦煌736200；2.国家古代壁画保护工程技术研究中心，
甘肃敦煌736200；3.兰州知本化工科技有限公司，兰州730000）
摘要：研究了纯丙乳液、硅丙乳液和热塑性丙烯酸树脂3种材料涂膜的拉伸模量、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率，发现3种涂膜较脆、强度较小。用重新设计的透湿杯，测定了3种涂膜和用其涂覆的壁画试块的水汽透过性，并结合扫描电镜观察，发现3种涂膜的水汽透过率比较接近：3种材料涂膜对试块微观形貌的影响和对试块水汽透过性的影响之间存在关联。
关键词：壁画；保护材料：力学性质：水汽透过率
中图分类号：TQ630.4文献标识码：A文章编号：0253-4312(2015)06-0051-05
Mechanical Properties andWater Vapor Permeability of
Three Conservation Materials for Wall Paintings
Su Bomin'-2, Zhang Huabing-2, Jiang Deqiang”,Zhao Yongchen'.2,Zhang Rui'.2(1.TheConservation Institute of Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang,Gansu736200,China;2.National ResearchCenterforConservation of AncientWall Paintings，Dunhuang，Gansu736200,China;
3. Lanzhou Capital Chemical Technology Co.,Lud.,Lanzhou 730000,China)
Abstract:Three conservation materials including pure acrylic emulsion, silicone-acrylate emulsion and paraloid b-72 (thermoplastic acrylic resin)are commonly used in conservation of the wall paintings. In this article, the mechanical properties including tensile modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break of the films derived from the said materials are analyzed. Meanwhile, the water vapor permeability of the films and the treated and untreated samples are characterized via a specially designed testing cup. The results indicate that the films are fragile and weak in strength. The SEM shows that the water vapor permeability of the three films is similar.Finally the effect of the morphologic structure of the treated samples on water vapor permeability is analyzed.
Key Words:wall paintings; conservation materials;mechanical properties;water
vapor permeability
纯丙乳液、硅丙乳液和热塑性丙烯酸树脂是3种常用的丙烯酸树脂类壁画保护材料。自20世纪60 年代初，该类材料被用于壁画保护[1]。
硅丙乳液除具有纯丙乳液的一般特点外，其耐候性明显提高，耐高低温性能较好，不易出现纯丙乳液
成膜后低温变脆、高温发粘的现象。文献[2-3]给出了国内外常用壁画保护的纯丙乳液；文献[4-5]述及国内外常用于壁画保护的硅丙乳液。
壁画保护用材料要具有一定的力学性能（拉伸模量、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率等），以避免在一定的温
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应用研究