第20卷
第4期
2012年4月文率编号
1004-924X(2012)04-088008
光学精密工程
Optics and Precision Engineering
微型铣刀外径视觉测量的不确定度
王磊1*，郭淑霞1，张凤玲，冯彬1，张建城2
Vol. 20No. 4
Apr.2012
（1.厦门大学机电工程系，福建厦门361005;2.厦门钨业股份有限公司，福建厦门361005）
摘要：建立了基于机器视觉的测量系统，实现了微型铣刀外径的在线测量，并对测量不确定度进行了分析。测量系统由背光源、夹头与旋转平台、旋转编码器、摄像机和相应的测量软件组成，系统运行时，铣刀匀速靛转，由旋转编码器触发相机对其进行采样拍照并完成测量。从照明光源平行性、摄像机的镜头畸变与CCD噪声、调焦效果、待测物体表面几何特性、算法设计5个方面分析了测量结果不确定度来源及其影响。实验表明，当系统采样率不足时，对于铣刀外径测量不确定度影响最大的是待测物体表面几何特性；在采样率足够大的情况下，外径测量不确定度主要由光源平行性确定。
本文系统采样率为33frame/circle，系统测量不确定度为4μm，可满足生产要求。关键调：机器视觉；微型铣刀；外径测量；不确定度
中图分类号：TP242.62;TB92
文献标识码：A
doi;10.3788/OPE.20122004.0880
Uncertaintyinvisionbaseddiametermeasurement
of mini milling cutter
WANG Lei'', GUO Shu-xia', ZHANG Feng-ling',FENG Bin',ZHANG Jian-cheng(1.Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;2.Xiamen Tungsten Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361005.China)
*Correspondingauthor,E-mail:wanglei33@rmu.edu.cn
Abstract: A machine vision system is proposed to measure the diameter of a mini milling cutter on line, and the measurement uncertainty is analyzed in this paper. The system consists of a back-light source, a rotate stage, a rotary encoder, a camera and corresponding software. While the milling cut ter rotates, the camera is triggered by the rotary encoder and a series of images are captured. The sources of uncertainty and their effects are analyzed, including the parallelism of the light source, lens distortion, CCD noise, focusing situation, the geometric properties of tested objects and the algorithm design. According to results of experiments, the uncertainty mainly depends on the geometric proper ty of the tested object when sampling rate is not enough, otherwise, it is mainly relative to the paral-lelism of the light source. In the experiment performed, the system uncertainty is 4 μm with a sam pling rate of 33 frame/circle, both accuracy and efficiency meet the requirement of manufacturing. Key words: machine vision; mini milling cutter; diameter measurement; uncertainty
收稿日期：2011-12-02：修订日期：2011-12-29.
基金项目：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(No.2011J01361)