
基于示功图的往复压缩机故障诊断技术黄卫东,侯振宇
(中石化股份有限公司天律分公司,天津300271)
[摘要]:往复压缩机结构复杂、激励源多,常规的机械振动声学法难以满足压缩机故障诊断的需要。示功图是有效的参数法诊断手投,是反应设备内部能量循环的最佳方式,可在较深层次上诊断压缩机故障。介绍了往复压缩机气红内动态压力的测取方法,比较了常用的示功图测试装置,详细阐述了基于示功图分析的故障诊断方法,并对常见的进气阀、排气阀、活塞环泄漏故障进行了基于示功图法的故障分析。
[关键词]:往复压缩机;示功图;故障诊断
中图分类号:TH457
文献标志码:B
文章编号:1006-2971(2014)04-0061-04
FaultDiagnosisTechnologyofReciprocatingCompressor
Based on Indicator Diagram HUANG Wei-dong, HOU Zhen-yu
(SINOPEC Tianjin Branch Company, Tianjin 300271, China)
故障分析 Famelt Analysis
Abstract:Because of the complex structure and excitation sources of reciprocating compressor,the efective conventional mechanical vibration and acoustic method cannot meet the needs of the compressor fault diagnosis. Indicator diagram is a parameter diagnostic method, is the best way to react equipment intemal energy circulation, can diagnose the fault on deeper level. This paper introduces the dynamic pressure measuring method of reciprocating compressor cylinder, and compares the commonly used indicator diagram testing device, analyses fault diagnosis method based on indicator diagram in detail, and included the common leakage faults of the
inlet vaive, the exhaust valve, the piston ring based on indicator diagram fault diagnosis method. Key words : reciprocating compressor; indicator diagram; fault diagnosis
1引言
石油化工行业是我国的支柱产业,在石化各类工艺装置中,往复压缩机往往处在生产的关键环节,据有关资料统计,往复压缩机其功率约为离心压缩机的3倍,维修费用约为离心压缩机的 3.5之多,因此保证往复压缩机的良好运行是企业设备状态监测工作的重中之重。
往复压缩机结构复杂、激励源多,常规的机械振动声学法难于满足压缩机故障诊断的需要。收稿日期:2014-03-31
盈2014年04期(总第246期)
示功图是有效的参数法诊断手段,是反应设备内部能量循环的最佳方式,可在较深层次上诊断往复压缩机的故障。
示功图测试方法 2
在往复压缩机在线监测诊断系统中,通常采用在气缸缸壁上直接开孔的方式获取气缸内的动态压力,见图1。但由于这种测取动态压力的方式实际操作比较困难,缸壁开孔对气缸强度也带来较大风险,因而制约了示功图法在往复压缩机故障诊断领域中的广泛应用叫。近年来随着对气阀结
压摄机技术61 Compressoc