耐高温异氰酸酯/环氧树脂固化历程与性能
王成忠",2
王连毅
付晓琦”黄丽1.2
（1北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院，北京100029）
(2北京市水性聚合物合成与应用工程技术研究中心，北京100029）
文摘以异氰酸酯为固化剂固化环氧树脂，通过比较不同固化条件下固化物结构的差异，研究了异氧酸酯与环氧树脂的反应历程：改变异氧酸酯/环氧树脂体系的化学计量比（L/E），采用FTIR/ATR、DSC、DMTA等研究了固化产物的结构与性能。结果表明，异氰酸酯与环氧树脂的围化历程随着温度的升高可分为三个阶段，第一阶段为异氧酸酯的三聚反应；第二阶段是一个复杂的过程，首先环氧树脂和异氧酸酯可反应生成哆唑烷酮结构，通过哆唑烷酮环扩链得到端异氯酸酯基低聚物，可继续发生三聚反应；第三阶段为异氧脲酸酯与残余的环氧基团反应生成呕唑烷酮结构，异氧脲酸酯六元环向嗯唑烷酮五元环的转化是一个可逆的过程。不同的I/ E比例可得到结构不同的固化物，不同的结构导致固化物性能的差异：当（V/E)=1.8时，综合力学性能良好，异氧酸酯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、层剪强度分别为652.53、33270.63和31.66 MPa，优于甲基四氢苯酐/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能：当I/E=2.0时，围化物T，达到了305℃，明显优于传统的环氧树脂固化体系。
关键词环氧树脂，感唑烷酮，异氧脲酸酯，固化历程，耐热性能
中图分类号：TB33，TQ43
D0I:10. 3969/j. issn. 10072330.2015. 03. 007
Curing Process and Performances of High Heat Resistant Isocyanate/Epoxy Resin
WANG Chengzhong".2
FU Xiaoqi'HUANG Lil.2
WANG Lianyi'
(1College of Materials Sciences and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Bejing 100029)(2Bejing Engineering Research Center of Syntheses and Applications of Waterbome Polymers,Beijing100029)
Abstract Isocyanate can be used as hardener of epoxy resin. The curing process was studied by comparing the diferences of the final structures under different curing conditions. Altering the molar ratio of isocyanate to epoxide groups, the changes of structure during curing and final properties of the cured materials were investigated by using FTIR/ATR, differential scanning calorimetry( DSC) ,dynamic thermal mechanical analysis( DMTA) and so on. As the results indicated, the curing process of epoxy/isocyanate formulations can be divided into three stages in order of in-creasing temperature. Trimerization of isocyanate took place at first. And the following stages are a complex process: ox-azolidone rings are prepared by Isocyanate and epoxy resin firstly. Trimerization of isocyanate took place anong the oli-gomers terminated by isocyanate groups with oxazolidone rings as linear chain extenders. Oxazolidone rings were pre-pared by isocyanurates and remanent epoxy resin at the last stage. And the transition between oxazolidone rings and isocyanurate rings is a reversible process. Different structures ascribed to initial ratios lead to the different perform-ances. When I/E=1. 8, the isocyanate/epoxy resin/glass fiber formulation composition appeared a good comprehen-sive mechanical property. The bending strength,bending modulus and interlaminar shear strength of the isocyanate/ep oxy resin/glass fiber formulation composition are 652.53 MPa,3 3270. 63 MPa,31. 66 MPa, respectively, better than those MeHTPA/epoxy resin/glass fiber composites. When I/E = 2. O,the T, reached 305°C , higher than the tempera ture of traditional epoxy resin curing formulations,obviously
Key wordsEpoxy resin,Oxazolidone, Isocyanurate,Curing process,Heat resistance 收稿日期：2014-10-16
作者简介：王成忠，1971年出生，副教授，主要从事复合材料研究。E-mail;czwang@mail.duct.edu.en
宇航材料工艺
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2015年第3期