集输处理
陈东等：昌吉油田掺水系统结垢机理分析及对策研究
昌吉油田掺水系统结垢机理分析及对策研究
陈东，
菲菲·
杨剑1
于岩泰1
摘要：昌吉油田属于中深层稠油油田，为了解决调油流动性差的问题，地面集输采用双管件热回掺热水工艺。但该工艺在运行过程中掺水系统出现了不同程度的结垢，以换热器内结垢最为严重。通
采取了以下措施：将出站温度设定在55~60℃之间，减少换热器
过对掺水系统结垢机理进行分析，，
出口温度波动；将掺水比控制在60%~70%之间；出站压力控制在2.1MPa左右；将并D回压控制在 0.6~0.9MPc之问间。另外，还采用了物理阻垢和化学药剂阻垢的方法。通过采取上速措施，减缓了系统结垢趋势，延长了设备清流周期，节约了生产费用，提高了设备使用效率。
关键词：昌吉油田：掺水系统；回掺热水；结垢机理；对策 Doi : 10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2017.3.014
Scaling Mechanism Analysis and Countermeasare Study of Water Blending System in Changji Oilfield
Chen Dong, Xiao Feifei, Yang Jian, Yu Yanchun
Abstract: The reservoir in Changji Oilfield has high viscosity of crude oil and midlow permeability. In order to solve the problem of heavy oil fluidity, reinjection of hot water to reduce the viscosity is ap plied in the gathering process of Changji Oilfeld to realize heavy oil's pipeline gathering. After a period of time, the reinjection of hot water system appeared scaling in different degrees especially in the heat exchanger. Then, the fouling mechanism of the water system was analyzed, and the following mea* sures were taken: heat exchanger outlet temperature fluctuation was reduced; the temperature of the CPF (central processing facilities) was set between 55~60 C ; water ratio control between 60%~70% : outlet pressure was controlled at around 2.1 Mpa; wellhead back pressure was controlled between 0.6~
At the same time, the method of physical scale inhibition and chemical scale inhibitor are
0.9 Mpa.
used to slow down the scaling tendency of pipeline and facilities.
With these measures, the scaling
trend was reduced. the cleaning period was prolonged, by which the production cost has been saved, and the equipment's use efficiency has been increased
Key words: changji oilfield; water blending system; countermedsures
吉7井区吉006断块采用稠油掺热水集输工艺
进行开发。油井产气、波经单井管线输送到计量站，再通过各计量站至集油干线混输至集中拉油注水站。在集中拉油注水站进行气、液两相分离，分离后的原油经相变加热炉油相换热器加热后进人2000m沉降罐，在罐内进行热化学和重力沉降脱水。脱水后的低含水原油经泵增压、装车拉运至北三台联合处理站，进行进一步脱水后外输。该工艺中回掺伴热的水是在沉降罐内脱出的产出水，由泵提升至500m移水罐内，然后经接水泵相变加热炉水相换热后输至油区各计量站掺水撬内，再通过撬内分水器分配至井口，与单井产出的原油混合后
回到集中拉油注水站"。新疆油田公司准东采油厂 48
万方数据
hot water reinjection; scaling mechanism ;
集中拉油站相变加热炉投运一年多后，水相换
热器出现进、出口压差大的问题。现场研究发现，回掺水管程换热器内部因结垢造成堵塞严重，压损由0.1MPa上升到1.0MPa。由于水相换热器的换热效果决定了回掺热水的温度，有必要对昌吉油田采出水结垢原理开展分析研究，掌握回掺水结垢温度区域，优化油田回掺水温度分布，减缓或解决容器设备和管线结垢问题，降低井口集输回压。
结垢机理分析
1. 1
垢样成分
集中拉油站相变加热炉换热器内部结垢垢样洗
油后X衍射鉴定分析见图1。
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