管道防腐
王威等：海底长输油管道清管球破裂压力试验及矿场应用
海底长输油管道清管球破裂压力试验及矿场应用
张宗超部庆
罗
王威鲁玲1主
摘要：为研究海底长输油管道清管球运行过程中的通过性、破裂性及破裂压力等特性，以海某油用原油外输海管为例，通过优化清管球劳通孔的设计方策，增加了流体通过率，有效降低了清管球卡堵对上游生产单元带来的安全风险。清管球的破裂压力模拟试验证实了泡沫清管球具有一定的承压能力、良好的通过性以及可靠的破裂性。试验表明，泡沫清管球在管道中遇卡堵时，可根据管道中卡堵的程度以及增大压差来调节自身的通过能力；当压差增大至破裂压力时，泡沫球自身破裂、破粹以通过卡堵。该试验为渤海油外输海管通球方案的制定提供了理论依据。
关键词：海底；长输油管道；清管球；压力试验；矿场应用 Doi :10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2017.06.021
Bursting Pressure Test and Field Application of the Pipeline Cleaning Ball for Offshore Long Distance Oil Pipelines
Wang Wei, Lu Yu, Luo Feng, Zhang Zongchao, Guo Qing
Abstract: In order to study the passing ability, disruptiveness, bursting pressure and other character istics in the running process of the pipeline cleaning ball for offshore long distance oil pipelines, the crude oil output pipeline in some oilfield in Bohai is taken as an example. Through the design optimi zation of the pipeline cleaning ball bypass hole, the flow passing rate is increased and the security risk of pipeline cleaning ball blockage to upstream production units can be effectively reduced. The bursting pressure simulation test of the ball confirms that the foam pipeline cleaning ball has certain loading capac ity, good passing ability and reliable disruptiveness. The test shows that when the foam ball is in block age in the pipeline, it can adjust its passing ability according to the blockage degree and pressure differ ence increase; when the pressure increases to the bursting pressure, the foam ball will rupture and smash to get through. The test provides theoretical basis for developing the passing plan of the pipeline clean ing ball for the output pipeline in Bohai X Oilfield
Key words: seabed; long distance oil pipeline; pipeline cleaning ball; pressure test; field application
海底长输油气管道清管是提高海管输送能力，
减少管道腐蚀，完善海管内检测及加强海管完整性管理的重要环节，对海上油田安全生产具有重要意义1-2。然而，海底长输油气管道在长期运行过程中，输送介质中夹带的少量杂质、污油泥等在管线内沉积-，如果出现卡堵等应急情况，将对海底长输油气管道清管以及油田安全生产带来极大挑战-8。因此，有必要对海底长输油气管道清管球的通过性、破裂性及破裂压力等特性进行研究9-10。以渤海某油田原油外输海管为例，根据海管运行参数及
生产数据，在优化清管球旁通设计方案的基础上，开展长输油管道清管球破裂压力模拟试验，证实了泡沫清管球具有一定的承压能力、良好的通过性以及可靠的破裂性，为渤海某油田外输海管通球方案的制定提供了理论依据。
海管参数
渤海某油田外输海管设计参数及运行参数见表 1、表2。
"基金论文：国家“十二五”科技重大专项“大型油气田及媒层气开发（2011ZX05057）"、渤海石油管理局生产科研项目
(2012BHTJP-017）部分研究成果。“中海石油（中国）有限公司天津分公司
74 万方数据
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