
焊接现场
机械制造文摘——焊接分册
基于Sysweld的货车端墙焊接变形数值模拟
赵娇玉,陈增有,马清波,胡永明
(中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002)
摘要:货车的端墙是由薄板构件组装而成的,在焊接过程中由于焊缝处收缩力的作用导致端墙板失稳,不可避免的产生了波浪变形。过大的变形量不但影响端墙结构的外形美观,而且影响了货车的产品质量,因此有必要减小焊接变形。根据端墙结构建立其几何模型、划分网格、设置热源参数,使用焊接专业软件Sysweld模拟计算在相同热输人下的不同焊接顺序的变形量,从而得出焊接顺序、焊接方向调整对变形的改进效果,为生产提供参考依据。
关键词:焊接变形;有限元分析;Sysweld;端墙中图分类号:TG404
Numericalsimulationofweldingdeformationofthe
truckendwallbasedonSysweld
Zhao Jiaoyu, Chen Zengyou, Ma Qingbo,Hu Yongming
(CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co. ,Ltd ,Qiqihar 161002,Heilongjiang,China)
Abstract: Truck end wall which belongs to thin plate structure often occurs instability easily and produces wave deformations during the welding process. The shrinkage force in the weld is responsible for this defect. Exces-sive deformation not only affect the appearance of the end wall structure, but also affect the quality, therefore it is necessary to reduce the welding deformation. Based on the structure of the end wall, the geometric model was build and meshed. The paramelters of heat source were set according to the welding parameters. The welding de formation of the same line energy under different welding order was simulated by Sysweld. Finally, the influ-
ences of welding direction and welding order on the welding deformation were obtained. Key words: welding distortion ; finite element analysis ;Sysweld;end wall
0前言
随着国内铁道车辆制造业的迅速发展,焊接已成为复杂产品的主要加工方法,为了提高其生产效率和制造质量,迫切需要一种准确有效的方法来预测焊接残余应力和变形,指导工艺设计、优化工艺方法,从而为减少焊后矫形和缩短生产周期提供依据。某货车端墙在现有的焊接工艺下组装完毕后,端板发生较大的
122016年第1期万方数据
变形,有些位置的变形量甚至超过验收标准,过大的变形量不但影响端墙结构的外形美观,而且影响了货车的产品质量,因此有必要减小焊接变形。货车的端墙是由薄板构件组成,在焊接过程中容易出现失稳变形,是不规则的变形,这就加大了对焊后变形预测的难度。控制变形的方法很多,文中主要通过有限元计算在相同热输入下的不同焊接顺序、焊接方向的变形量,从而得出焊接顺序、焊接方向调整对变形的控制效果,为生