技术纵横
曾零：油田地面配注工艺降低黏损的措施分析
油田地面配注工艺降低黏损的措施分析曾黎
摘要：针对目前地面系统配注工艺中聚合物母液黏度损失较大，影响开发注聚效果，增加生产成本等问题，研制并试验了可增强径向力从而提高混合均匀度的新型螺旋式静态混合器，可以避免常规混合单元产生的机械剪切力，有效降低黏度损失；应用锥形梭型杆阀芯低剪切母液流量调节器，实现聚合物母液的流量调节，降低了机械剪切力。此外，应用先进的微生物技术，将产抗生素微生物菌群与NRB菌群进行复配，研发聚驱粘损抑制剂，可杀灭或消耗管道内硫化物、疏酸盐还原菌等般生物，降低聚合物母液黏损2%~5%。
关键词：配注工艺；聚合物黏损；降解；混合器；调节器；生物抑制剂 Doi :10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2016.8.035
Analysis on the Measures for Reducing the Viscosity Loss Oilfield Ground Engi
neering Preparation and Injection Technology Zeng Li
Abstract: In view of polymer solution viscosity loss in the process of current ground injec tion allocation system, affect the development effect of polymer injection, increase the pro duction costs and other issues, develop and test applied the novel spiral static mixer which can improve the mixing uniformity through enhancing radial force and the multi spindle valve core low shear polymer liquid flow regulator, so can avoid mechanical shear force produced by the conventional mixing unit, and effectively reduce the viscosity loss. Implementation of polymer liquid flow control and reduce the mechanical shearing force. In addition, by the advanced microbiel technology, compound with the combinetion of antibiotic bacteria and NRB bacteria group, develop biological inhibitors for polymer viscosity loss which can kill or consume the pipeline sulfide, sulfate reducing bacteria and other microorganisms, reduce the viscosity loss of polymer liquid for 2%~ 5%.
Key words: injection allocation; viscosity loss of polymer; degradation mixer; regulator; biological inhibitor
地面系统配注工艺聚合物黏损的主要环节在注聚泵、静态混合器、母液流量调节器以及单井管道上，萨北开发区三采区块全程平均黏损高达 21.5%。调研分析注入系统各个环节的黏度损失变化规律，通过物理、化学方法找到有效的降黏损措施，可有效降低聚驱黏损，
黏损影响因素分析 1
在聚合物整个注人过程中，聚合物的降解主要分为机械降解和生物降解两种。机械降解来自于地面工艺设备，例如注聚泵、母液流量调节器和静态
大庆油田有限责任公司第三案油厂 118
混合器：生物降解是因注人管道中存在硫酸盐还质菌、硫化物及铁离子，它们会显著降低聚合物溶液的黏度。
1.1
机械降解
（1）注聚泵。通过泵柱塞往复运动将5000mg/L 母液增压后注人地层，柱塞的运动会造成母液黏度损失，尤其是小排量注聚泵柱塞直径小，往复运动频繁，母液剪切作用大。
（2）静态混合器。流过的母液、水等液体被不断地分割和转间，使之充分混合。混合过程中对母液不断拉伸、剪切造成黏度损失。从现有注入站静
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