第38卷(2016)第3期性能与排放
柴油机 Diesel Engine
Vol. 38(2016) No. 3
基于空燃比控制的可调两级增压动态性能研究
沈笠"，崔毅"，邓康耀，张宝川"，李先南，王新权
（1.上海交通大学动力机械及工程教育部重点实验室，上海200240；2.七一一研究所，上海201108）摘要：以6缸可调两级增压荣油机为研究对象，设计了高压涡轮旁通闲环控制系统；建立了前馈式PI闭环控制算法，在瞬态过程中采用根据空燃比及其变化率对旁通阔开度进行调节的策略。瞬态工况试验表明，设计的闭环控制系统和算法对发动机动态响应性能的提高具有明显的效果。当发动机喷油量或者转速增加时，系统判断其进入加速或加载阶段，旁通阀立即关闭，进气压力迅速建立，减弱了涡轮增压系统的迟滞效应；当过量空气系数出现上升趋势时，旁通阀调节至查表所得的开度，待发动机喷油量和转速均不发生变化时，系统判断发动机恢复稳态，进入稳态闭环调节模
式。对比其他不含动态判断的情况，发动机动态响应特性明显提升。关键词：增压柴油机；过量空气系数；旁通阀；控制策略
中图分类号：TK421*.8
文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-4357(2016)03-0001-05
Study on theTransientPerformanceof RegulateTwo StageTurbocharging
Based on the Air-Fuel RatioControl
Shen Li', Cui Yi', Deng Kangyao',Zhang Baochuan', Li Xiannan',Wang Xinquan?
(1. Key Laboratory for Power Machinery & Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai 200240; 2. Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute, Shanghai 201108)
Abstract: Taking a six-cylinder R2S turbocharging diesel engine as the research object, closed-loop con-trol system of high-pressure turbine bypass valve was designed, and the feedforward PI algorithm was es tablished. In transient process, the strategy that the bypass valve opening was controlled in accordance with the air-fuel ratio and its rate of variation'was used. The results of the transient operation tests showed that certain closed-loop control system and algorithm had a substantial effect on the improvement of the performance of engine transient response. When the engine fuel injection quantity or speed increase, the system tums into transient condition, the bypass valve shuts down quickly and the boost pressure raises, which weaken the hysteresis effect of turbocharging system. When the excess air coefficient has a rising trend, the bypass valve will adjust to the angle from Map. When engine speed and fuel injection quantity do not change, the engine will turn into steady state, and the system will use the steady state closed-loop regulation mode. Compared with the system without transient judgment condition, the transient perform-ance of engine had improved substantially
Key words: turbocharged diesel engine; excess air coefficient; bypass valve; control strategy
0引言
随着排放法规的日益严格以及柴油机平均有效
压力的不断提升，需要提高柴油机的进气压力。可调两级增压系统相比单级增压系统具有较高压比和效率，通过高低压级涡轮增压器的匹配满足发动机
收稿日期：2015-12-08
作者简介：沈笠（1990-），男，硕土研究生，主要研究方向为内燃机增压技术，E-mail；54290192@q9-com。