第34卷(2012)第6期
减振与降噪
柴滴机 Diesel Engine
Vol. 34(2012)No.6
配气机构激励力对柴油机振动特性影响研究
陆传荣，马炳杰”，王志刚”
（1.海军驻七一一研究所军事代表室，上海200090；2.七一一研究所，上海200090）
要：基于多体动力学和有限元方法，对柴油机送动件，包括曲柄连杆机构、配气机构以及齿摘
轮传动系统进行了仿真分析，得到配气机构的凸轮轴承力、气门落座力和掘臂激励力等激励力。建立某柴油机结构有限元模型，研究了配气机构激励力对柴油机整机及主要部件振动特性的影响。结果表明：配气机构激励力对荣油机整机总频段振动有一定影响，其中对1000Hz以下频段影响较大，而1000Hz以上频段影响不大；对气门室率、气缸盖和机体上侧振动影响比较大，对机体下侧和油底壳影响相对较小。
关键词：配气机构；荣油机；振动；多体动力学；有限元
中图分类号：TK421*.6
文章编号：10014357(2012)06004603
文献标识码：A：
Study on Effect of Valve Train's Exciting Force to Vibration of Diesel Engine
Lu Chuanrong',Ma Bingjie’,Wang Zhigang
(1., Naval Deputy Office of Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute, Shanghai 201108 ;
2. Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute, Shanghai 20090)
Abstract: Based on multi-body system dynamics and FEM, the dynamic simulation of the mobile parts in diesel engine, including crank and connecting rod mechanism, valve train and gear transmission system were carried out, thus the dynamics characteristic data, such as cam bearing force and valve seat reaction force, as well as rocking arm exciting force, etc. were obtained from the model. The finite element anal-ysis model of diesel engine was built and the effect of valve train exciting force to vibration characteristics of the whole diesel engine and its main parts was studied. The results showed that the vibration of diesel engine was affected by valve train, when under 1000Hz, the influence tended to be bigger, and the influ-ence is small when the frequency is above 1000Hz; valve train made greater influence on valve chamber
cover, cylinder head and upper engine body than oil sump and nether engine body. Keywords: valve train; diesel engine; vibration; multi-body system dynamics; FEM
引言 o
随着用户对船舶的振动噪声和舒适性要求的不断提高，降低船舶的噪声水平已成为船舶设计的重要考虑因素之一。柴油机作为船舶最重要的噪声源之一，对其结构辐射噪声进行预估是降低船舶噪声水平实现柴油机低噪声设计，以及进行柴油机振动噪声有效控制的重要技术途径。
文献[1]和[2]利用有限元法和边界元法预测 CY4102BG型柴油机和动力传动系统的振动及辐射噪声特性；文献[3]采用混合多体动力学对某单缸柴油机气缸体和曲柄连杆机构进行了仿真分析，在此基础上计算得到气缸体结构响应和辐射噪声；文献[4]利用ATV技术，采用FEM/BEM联舍求解策略对内燃机结构辐射噪声进行了预测。这些文献或者只考虑曲柄连杆机构的激励力，或者仅考虑配
收稿日期：2012-07-30；修回日期：2012-11-05
作者简介：随传荣（1974－），男，工程师，主要从事船舶动力装置研究。