
第41卷第2期 Vol. 41No. 2
板料成形
假压技术
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
液体介质传热渐进温成形研究王会廷,史加文,潘洪波,沈晓辉,曹杰
(安徽工业大学治金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002)
2016年2月 Feb.2016
摘要:由于液体介质的存在,在以导热油直接作为传热介质加热板料实现板料湿热渐进成形中,成形初始的预胀以及成形过程中存在的背压是区别于其他渐进成形方法的显著特征。在数控渐进机床上,首先以2A12铝合金板料对成形过程中波体压力
究结果表明:液体介质较小的压力产生的预胀和背压对成形过程没有显著影响,成形过程中为了保证导热油和板料充分接触,导热油可以保持一定的系统压力;采用液体介质直接作为传热介质加热板料进行板料温渐进成形是可行的;温度对SUS304不锈钢板渐进成形性能影响显著。
关键词:渐进成形;板料温成形;液体介质 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2016. 02. 005
中图分类号:TG156
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3940(2016)02-0021-04
Researchonincrementalwarmformingbyliquidmediumheat-transfer
Wang Huiting, Shi Jiawen, Pan Hongbo, Shen Xiaohui, Cao Jie
( School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China)
Abstract : For the existence of liquid medium, during the sheet incremental wam forming realized by heat conduction oil as heat-transfer medium , the distinguishing features that distinguished from other incremental forming methods are pre-bulge during the initial forming and backpressure during forming process. The influence of pre-bulge and backpressure induced by liquid medium was investigated during the foming process of alloy sheet 2A12. Moreover, the influence of liquid medium temperature on forming proxess was studied using SUS304 sheet. The results show that there is little influence of pre-bulge and backpressure induced by low liquid pressure on forming process, the system pressure should be kept in order to make the liquid medium and the sheet contact enough. It is feasible that the incremental warm forming of metal sheet heated by oil medium directly. In addition , the temperature has prominent influence on the formability of SUS304 Key words : incremental forming; sheet warm forming; liquid medium
渐进成形是一种新型板料柔性加工方法,它将板料成形技术和数控技术有机结合,实现板材的数字化柔性生产。板料渐进成形基于“分层制造”
的
思想,通过数控程序控制成形工具头沿设定轨迹运动,逐层形成零件的三维包络面,实现板料塑性成形]。渐进成形结构装置简单,能够大大节省模具成本和样品试样的成本,非常适合小批量、多品种、形状复杂的板料零件成形[2]
对于常温下成形性能差的板料,可采用温热渐进成形的方式来进行渐进成形,温热渐进成形加热方式有多种:将支撑底座安装放置在一定温度的温
收稿日期:20150706;修订日期:20151109 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275003)作者简介:王会廷(1974-),男,博士,副教授 E-mail: wgrht@ nuaa. eda. en
箱内,使板料达到一定的温度,然后进行渐进成形[3-4],温箱成形装置体积庞大,工具头和机床运转空间受温箱口部尺寸局限;有的采用局部跟随工具头加热的成形方式,比如自阻电局部加热[5]、激光跟随局部加热[6]等,但激光加热等装置设备成本偏高。
本文采用高温液体介质与板料直接接触的加热实验装置,研究了温度对改善渐进成形性能的影响;同时分析了液体介质较小压力产生的预胀和背压对渐进成形过程的影响,为进一步分析液体介质传热渐进温成形规律、合理选择成形参数奠定基础。
成形原理与实验装置
1 1.1
成形原理
液体介质传热的板料渐进温成形原理如图1所