
第42卷第5期 Vol. 42No.5
摩擦与润滑
假压技木
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
基于多岛遗传算法的圆环激粗测试方法优化
殷强,胡成亮,赵震
(上海交通大学模具CAD国家工程研究中心,上海200030)
2017年5月 May 2017
摘要:圆环锻粗法是塑性成形中常用的摩擦因子测试方法,圆环试样尺寸直接影响测试的灵敏度。以两种摩擦条件下内径变化量的差值作为目标,基于有限元模拟采用多岛遗传算法进行圆环试样尺寸的优化,优化结果比例为30:13:5,与经典尺寸比例(6:3:2)相比,内径变化量的差值提高了47.31%。在此基础上,将优化尺寸与经典尺寸比例作进一步对比,从等效应变场、金属流线分布、接触正压力以及标定曲线等结果,分析了优化尺寸比例的优势。根据优化的试样尺寸比例,开展了相关的实际测试工作,测出3种不同润滑剂的摩擦因子,证实优化方案的可用性。
关键词:圆环锻粗法;多岛遗传算法;离散程度;标定曲线;摩擦因子 DOI: 10. 13330/J. issn. 1000-3940. 2017. 05. 020
中图分类号:TG316
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3940(2017)05-0108-05
Optimization on ring compressiontest based on multi-island genetic algorithm
Yin Qiang, Hu Chengliang, Zhao Zhen
( National Engineering Research Center of Die & Mold CAD, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China)
Abstract: The ring compression test is a common method to measure friction factor, and the geometric dimension of the ring directly af-fected the sensitivity of the testing method. Taking the difference of the variation between inner diameters under two different frictional conditions as the goal, the geometric dimension of the ring was optimized based on multi island genetic algorithm and FEM simulation, and the ratio of the optimized scheme was 30:13:5. However, compared with the traditional scheme (6:3: 2) , the diference of the inner diameter variation increased by 47. 31% . Based on the improvement, a further comparison between the optimized scheme and the tradi-tional scheme was conducted from the results of the: equivalent strain fields, distributions of metal streamline, normal pressures and cali-bration curves, and the advantages of the optimized scheme were analyzed. Finally, according to the optimized geometric dimension, the practical experiment was also carried out with three friction factors measured under different lubricating conditions. The result shows that this testing method is feasible
Key words : ring compression test; multi-island genetic algorithm; diserete degree; calibration curve; friction factor
圆环镦粗法是一种用于测定锻造成形摩擦系数的方法,由KunogiM于1954年提出,因其使用简单一直沿用至今[2-3]。测试过程中,圆环试样在平面模具压缩后,内径随摩擦条件不同而发生不同的变化,摩擦因子较小时内径扩张,摩擦因子较大时内径变小。MaleAT等[4以实验数据为基础绘制了第1套标定曲线,并指出较小的试样尺寸不适用于温热锻成形过程的摩擦系数测定,因为中间热量
收稿日期:20161205;修订日期:20170109 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51475294)
作者简介:股强(1991-),男,硕士研究生 E-mail: qiangzi@ sjtu. edu. cn
通讯作者:胡或亮(1980-),男,博士,副研究员 E-mail: clhu@ sjtu edu. cn
万方数据
损失严重。随后Male A T等(5)和 PierreVD等(6]采用数学解析的方法来构建理论标定曲线,发现试样尺寸比例直接影响理论解析的精度,从而影响标定曲线的精度;尺寸比例6:3:1的实验结果与理论解析解之间的误差较小。RaoKP等[7]使用3种不同材料在相同润滑条件下进行实测,与经典尺寸比例 6:3:2相比,采用尺寸比例6:3:1试样测得的摩擦系数偏小。李鹏等[]采用经典的6:3:2比例的圆环研究表面粗糙度对冷锻摩擦因子的影响规律。沈文涛等”采用经典比例6:3:2的圆环,采用圆环镦粗方法,测试了7075铝合金高温变形的摩擦系数。在圆环粗法发展历程中,除了经典比例的圆环,也出现过很多不同的尺寸比例,如4:2:1【"0】、20:10:7["】等。虽然不同尺寸比例的试样都能够测得相应的摩