2017年6月
中国工程机械学报
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY
Vol. 15 No. 3 Jun.2017
基于优化设计的门式卸车机结构可靠性分析
李永华1，梁校嘉1，周峰2，陈秉智1
（1.大连交通大学交通运输工程学院，辽宁大连116028；2.大连交通大学机械工程学院，辽宁大连116028）
摘要：将优化设计与可靠性理论相结合进行门式卸车机的结构可靠性分析.利用ANSYSWorkbench进行参数化实体建模，采用中心复合设计拟合响应面并进行参数灵敏度分析，在此基础上分别使用Screening，MOGA及 NLPQL3种算法对参数尺寸进行优化和对比分析，得到最佳设计方案，在保证满足强度要求的条件下，减小卸车机体积.再根据优化分析的结果，以最大等效应力不超过材料许用应力为可靠性评定指标，使用六西格玛分析技术比较模型优化前后的结构可靠性，优化后的结构可靠性有所提高.在分析结构轻量化间题的同时考虑了其安
全可靠性要求，为卸车机的制造与优化改进提供了理论指导，关键词：门式卸车机：参数化；优化设计；结构可靠性
文章编号：16725581(2017)03-0261~06
中图分类号：TH24
文献标志码：A
Structural reliability analysis on portal-type unloader
based onoptimizationdesign
LIYonghua',LIANGXiaojia',ZHOUFeng,CHENBingzhi
(1. School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028,Liaoning, Chins;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028,Liaoning, China)
Abstraet: The structural reliability analysis of the portal-type unloader is carried out by combining the optimization design with the reliability theory. The parametric solid model is established by ANSYS Workbench,by utilizing the central composite design to fit the response surface and parameter sensitivity analysis is performed, on the basis of this, the best design scheme is obtained by respectively using Screening,MOGA and NLPQL algorithm to optimize the parametric sizes. Under the condition that meets the requirements in strength, the volume of portal-type unloader is decreased. Then according to the results of optimization analysis,in view of the reliability evaluation criterion that the maximum equivalent stress does not exceed the allowable stress of the material, the structural reliability of the model before and after optimization is compared by using Six Sigma analysis technology and the reliability of the optimized structure is improved. In the analysis of lightweight problems of structure,while taking into account the safety and reliability requirements, a theoretical guidance is provided for the manufacturing and optimization improvement of the unloader.
Key words: portal-type unloader; parameterizing; optimization design; structural reliability
门式卸车机作为卸车机的一种重要结构形式被广泛应用于现代工业生产，是承担运料卸料任务的重要卸车设备(1}.通常采用经验设计法确定结构配置方案，增大了安全系数，使得设计结果具有较
大的盲目性，在实际生产中可能出现加强裕度过大、浪费材料的现象[2-3].由于其结构复杂，在制造过程中产生的误差所导致的尺寸不确定性对其结构可靠性也会造成一定影响[4].因此，节约材料，降
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11272070）；辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(2014028020)）；辽宁省数育厅科学研究资助项目
(JDL2016001)；大连市科技开发资助项目（2015A11GX026）
作者简介：李水华（1971—），女，教授，博士.E-mail：yonghuali@163.com 万方数据