
第52卷第7期 2016年4月
机械工程学报
JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERING
DOI:10.3901/JME.2016.07.060
陀螺框架轴承摩擦力矩分析姜绍娜1陈晓阳1顾家铭2张涛
(1.上海大学轴承研究室上海200072; 2.上海天安轴承有限公司上海201108)
Vol.52
No.7
Apr.
2016
摘要:针对陀螺框架轴承要求启动摩擦力矩小而稳定的昔刻要求,建立轴承摩擦力矩分析模型,在已有的球与内外圈弹性滞后、差动、自旋、润滑影响因素引起的摩擦力矩分析基础上,重点考虑浪形及冠型保持架引起的摩擦力矩。求得的轴承启动、动态摩擦力矩与YZC-II测试仪测试结果吻合较好。分析表明,浪形保持架整体优于冠型保持架,保持架与球作用引起的摩擦力矩比例随轴向载荷减小而增大,该比重在启动过程中较大,在动态过程明显降低:通过对4种型号框架轴承不同转速的摩擦力矩分析,当转速低于2r/min时,轴承摩擦力矩受转速影响不大,随着速度增大,启动速度对轴承启动摩擦力矩值、动态摩擦力矩波动范围影响突显出来。
关键词:陀螺框架轴承:启动摩擦力矩;动态摩擦力矩;浪形保持架:冠型保持架中图分类号:TH133
AnalysisofFrictionMomentofGyroscopeFrameBearing
GUJiamingZHANGTao
JIANGShaona'CHENXiaoyang'
(1.ResearchInstitute of Bearings,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200072; 2. Shanghai Tian An Miniature Bearing Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201108)
Abstract: For the applications of demanding small and stable friction moment of gyroscope frame bearings, the model of bearings friction moment is built. Based on the existing analyses that include the friction moments caused by elastic hysteresis, sliding due to the contact race curvature, pivoting between the ball and the inner/outer race and lubrication, the friction moment caused by ribbon or seoeee experimental results measured by YZC-Il tester, an acceptable consistent is achieved. The analyses show that the proportion of friction moment caused by cage increases with the decreasing loads. This proportion is larger in the bearing's starting fiction moment and smaller in the kinematic friction moment. According to the calculated results of 4 kinds of frame bearings at different speeds, the speed has little influence on the friction moment when the bearings work at lower 2 r/min, but when the speed increases,
it will have a big influence on the value of starting friction moment and the fluctuation range of kinematic friction moment. Key words: gyroscope frame bearing: starting friction moment; kinematic friction moment; ribbon cage: crown cage
器装备定向及定位系统的重要因素[]。其中,框架
0前言
陀螺仪框架轴及电动机转子上的支承,应用最早的是滚动轴承。采用滚动轴承的框架式陀螺仪俗称常规陀螺仪。在一些需要特别高精度的应用场合,常规陀螺仪和摆式积分加速度计,仍然是首选对象,高灵敏、低摩擦力矩陀螺仪框架轴承与陀螺仪电动机转子轴承的精度和寿命高低,是影响运载体及武
“十一五"国家重点科技项目上海大学子课题(D09-0109-06-004)和上海市教委高校创新团队项目(B48-0109-09-002)资助项目,20150512收到初
稿,20151216收到修改稿万方数据
轴承是稳定轴上干扰力矩的主要来源,摩擦力矩大小和波动值直接影响到系统工作的稳定性和可靠性,其特殊的极低速低载工况对轴承摩擦力矩,尤其启动摩擦力矩要求极为苛刻。
轴承启动摩擦力矩不仅与工作载荷、转速等外部因素有关,还同时受轴承本身的几何精度、接触表面形貌、滚动体形状误差、材料及热处理性能、保持架的种类、引导方式等内部因素有关,这些内部因素导致的摩擦力矩统称为不损耗能量的保守力矩,朱江红提出对部分保守力矩的统计方法,但由于轴承摩擦力矩影响因素复杂而随机,实际中对