第52卷第22期 2016年11月
机械工程学报
JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERING
DOI:10.3901/JME.2016.22.001
Vol.52No.22
Nov.
2016
石油钻井中超声相控阵井壁成像检测技术研究
董晗孔超师芳芳张碧星
(中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室北京100190)
基础上进行换能器的参数优化和选择，设计并制作了一种基于CLPA换能器的井下超声相控阵并壁成像检测系统。该系统包括声系短节、电路短节和地面系统等，声系短节由CLPA换能器组成，避免了常规声系中探头绕井轴的机械旋转方式，电路短节由高集成度的发射接收模块和基于FPGA+DSP架构的数字信号处理模块组成，完成对井壁回波信号幅度和到时信息的提取，最终实现实时高效的井壁成像显示。利用该系统在试验井中对存在不同尺寸缺陷的套管进行现场测试，结果表明：该系统对套管并的成像结果能够反映缺陷的基本位置及尺寸等信息，具有良好的成像效果。
关键词：超声相控阵；井壁成像检测：电子扫查中图分类号：TB51
ResearchonUltrasonicPhasedArrayImagingTesting
TechnologyforOilBorehole
DONGHanKONGChaoSHIFangfangZHANGBixing
(State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190) Abstract: According to the current situation in borehole imaging, the paramcter of the cylindrical linear phased array (CLPA) transducer is selected and optimized on the basis of simulation of acoustics radiation field of CLPA transducer. A down-hole system for borehole imaging based on CLPA transducer is designed and manufactured. The system includes an acoustics cartridge, a circuit cartridge and ground control system. The acoustics cartridge is composed by the CLPA transducer to avoid mechanical rotation of the probe as the traditional ultrasonic borehole imaging device. The circuit cartridge is composed by a transmitter receiver module in high level of integration and a digital signal processing module based on FPGA and DSP architecture, completing the magnitude and the time information extraction of echo signal of borehole wall, and ultimately displaying real-time borehole imaging. Scanning and imaging experiments are carried out in test wells for different size of defects using this system. It is shows that the basic location and size information of the defects can be reflected in the borehole imaging by the ultrasonic phased array system designed and the CLPA has a good imaging ability
Key words: ultrasonic phased array; borehole imaging: electronic scanning
终以图像的形式清晰直观地显示井壁的状况和特性[1-2]。
0前言
石油钻井所处的地下环境相当恶劣，井壁易产生裂缝、腐蚀、变形等损伤，对油井的正常生产产生诸多不利的影响，因此对石油钻井井壁的普查、监测和防护具有现实且长远的意义。超声井壁成像检测技术是一种常用的油井并壁检测技术，它主要利用井壁或套管壁反射回波的幅度与到时信息，量化多种类型的缺陷(裂缝和孔洞等)并计算井径，最
·国家自然科学基金资助项目(11374324,11474308)-20151222收到初稿，
20160819收到修改稿万方数据
目前常用的超声井壁成像检测设备均采用单发单收式超声探头，由同步电动机带动以井轴为中心旋转并保持换能器探头在井轴方向上移动，从而实现对井壁的螺旋线方式的扫查[3-7。世界三大测井服务公司均已推出了基于此种工作方式的超声成像测井井下仪器，如Halliburton公司的声波成像测井仪(Circumferentialacousticscanningtool， CAST-V)、Schlumberger公司的超声波成像测井仪(Ultrasonicboreholeimager，UBI)和Atlas公司的超声波井周成像测井仪（Circumferentialborehole