第40卷第2期
摘
要
天然气勘探与开发
水平井体积压裂簇间距优化方法*
刘欢尹俊禄1王博涛2
1.中国石油川庆钻探工程公司长庆井下技术作业公司2.中国石油长庆油田公司第五采油厂
“用开发
族间距是水平并分段多簇压裂设计过程中的一个重要参数。为了进一步提高致密储层水力压裂增产效果，沟通水力
聚缝和天然裂续形成复杂续网，采用有限元数值模拟方法研究水平并缝网压裂的族间距优化问题。通过建立均质各向同性储层内三维水力裂缝的诱导应力差模型，从降低应力影效应的不利影响和利用应力影效应的有利影响两个方面分别建立了最小熊间距优化模型和最大改造体积族间距优化模型，结合裂缝转向机理确定最优间距优化原则。研究结果表明：①裂缝偏转角度越小，最小簇间距增大；①储层改造体积随着族间距的增加先增大后减小，改造体积最大值所对应的簇间距即为最优族间距；同一裂缝流体压力条件下，主应力转向角度变化对最大改造体积策间距的影响小。综合最小族间距模型和最大改造体积簇间距模型，可以得出最优族间距，该方法为低渗透储层缝网压裂时的裂缝优化设计提供了参考。
关键词
水平井
低渗透储层
多族压裂
缝网压裂
DOI: 10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2017.02.011
诱导应力
改造体积
裂缝偏转角
族间距
优化方法
Optimizationofclusterspacinginhorizontalwellvolumefracturing
Liu Huan', Yin Junlu',Wang Botao?
(I. Changqing Downhole Technology and Operation Company, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China; 2.No.5 Oil Production Plant,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an,Shaanxi710018,China)
Abstract: Cluster spacing is an important parameter in the design of horizontal well staged multi-cluster fracturing. In order to fur-ther improve the performance of hydraulic fracturing in highly tight reservoirs by communicating the hydraulically-induced fractures and natural fractures, the finite element numerical simulation was used to determine the optimization of cluster spacing in horizontal well frac network fracturing. Based on the induced stress difference model of three-dimensional hydraulically-induced fractures in aaaeeasao were established respectively with consideration to reducing the adverse effect of the stress shadow and using the beneficial effect of the stress shadow. Then, combined with fracture diverting mechanism, the cluster spacing optimization principles were determined. The results show that the smaller the fracture deflection angle is, the higher the minimum cluster spacing is. The stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) increases and then decreases as the cluster spacing increases, and the cluster spacing to which the maximum SRV cor-responds is the optimal cluster spacing. Moreover, the principal stress diverting angle has small impact on the maximum SRV cluster spacing under the same fracture fluid pressure. By combining the minimum cluster spacing model and the maximum SRV cluster spac-ing model, the optimal cluster spacing can be obtained. This method provides a reference for the fracture optimization design of the frac network fracturing in low permeability reservoirs
Keywords: Horizontal well; Low permeability reservoir; Multi-cluster fracturing; Frac network fracturing; Induced stress; The stimulated reservoir; Thefracture deflection; Cluster spacing; Optimization
0
引言
非常规油气储层，特别是致密砂岩储层通常具
有低孔隙度和低渗透率的特点，为了达到经济开发目的需要进行大型水力压裂。大部分致密砂岩储层
*注：本论文获得2016年全国天然气学术年会优秀论文一等奖。
具有较高的弹性模量，在复杂地质构造运动、生烃及化学作用下，储层内部会形成大量不同尺度的天然裂缝和非连续结构面。这些非连续结构面相对于基质具有较高的渗透率，是致密储层成功开发的关键。水力压裂过程中压裂液会向主裂缝两侧滤失，
第一作者：刘欢，女，1985年生，工程师；主要从事试油压裂设计及分析评价研究工作，地址：（710018）陕西省西安市未央区风城四路长庆大厦，电话；（029）86599072，E-mail:liu_huan@cnpc.com.cn
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