第29卷第2期 2015年4月
现代地质 GEOSCIENCE
深切河谷附近岩溶地区打井找水模式潘晓东1,2，张发旺1,2，孟小军1,2，曾洁1,2，陈志兵1,2
Vol.29No.2
Apr.2015
（1.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部/广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室，广西桂林541004：
2.联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心，广西桂林541004）
摘要：深切河谷附近岩溶地区地表水快速下渗，岩溶地下水深埋且集中径流，导致水资源匮乏，易成为较干旱缺水地区。同时在该类地区，受地表水构成的地下水排泄基准面控制，地下水水位理深大，且以快速的管道流和裂隙流为主储存空间分布和相互间连通性高度不均勾给打井找水带来了极大困难。发现下伏碎屑岩、逆断层和上覆碎屑岩均能将岩溶地下水和深切河谷地表水之间水力联系切断，导致局部富水，成为打井找水有利靶区。基于此3种类型，结合打井找水成功实例，将其归纳为3种打井找水模式：下伏碎屑岩隔水模式、逆断层阻水模式和上覆碎屑岩阻水模式，这些模式将对在深切河谷附近岩溶地区打井找水提供帮助。
关键词：打井找水；岩溶；隔水层；逆断层；地下水库；地下水资源开采
中图分类号：P642.25
文献标志码：A
文章编号：10008527(2015)02027207
ModelforGroundwaterSearchingwithDrillingin
KarstAreanearDeepValley
( 1. Karst Dynamics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Land and Resources, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; 2. International Research Genter on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Gaurilin, Guangxi541004, China)
Abstract : Surface water rapidly infiltrates in karst area near deep river valley, and karst groundwater is deeply buried with concentrated runoff; therefore, water resources shortage near deep river valley is serious, which leads to the formation of arid areas. At the same time, in this area, influenced by groundwater discharge surface controlled by deep valleys, groundwater flow is mostly in quick pipe and fracture; storage space distribution and the connectivity of each other bring great difficulties to drill well for searching groundwater. The authors disco vered that the underlying clastic rock, reverse fault and overlying clastic rock can cut off the relationship be tween karst groundwater and deep valley surface water, which lead this area to be local rich water and become the favorable target area for water drilling- Based on the 3 types, with the successful examples, it is classified into 3 water drilling models : the underlying clastic rock water model, inverse water resistance model, and over-lying clastic rock water blocking model.These models will give some helps for water drilling in karst area near the deep valley.
Key words: water drilling; karst; aquiclude; compressive fault; underground reservoir; exploitation of ground-water resource
收稿日期：2014-10-22；改回日期：2014-12-17：责任编辑：威开静。
00）国
地质环境地质调查"（12120113052500）；国家科技支撑计划课题"城市发展中的地质环境风险评估与防控关键技术研究与示范"（2012BAJ11B04）。
作者简介：潘晓东，男，助理研究员，博士研究生，1984年出生，水文地质学专业，长期从事岩溶水文地质方面的研究。
Email : panxiaodong@ karst. ac, cn