
2014年6月第39卷第6期
DOI;10. 3969/j. issn. 0254 0150. 2014, 06. 008
润滑与密封
LUBRICATION ENGINEERING
气体静压轴承单跨四圆盘结构稳定性试验分析
卡双王绩德杨金福’郝龙韩东江
Jun.2014 Vol. 39 No. 6
(1.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206;2.中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190)
摘要:在气体静压轴承支承的单跨四圆盘结构转子试验台上,试验研究轴承-转子系统的撮动特性。采用轴心轨迹、时域分析、频谱图等报动测试分析方法,呈现了半速涡动、双低频、低频共振等非线性动力学现象;分析了半速涡动、双低频、低频共振随转速的变化关系,定性分析了工频与低频的能量转化关系。结果表明:升速过程中采用较
高升速率可避免低频振动的发生,降速过程中过大的降速率会引起半速涡动及双低频振动现象;试验中低频振幅增加导致工频能量减少,转速下降。
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关键词:气体静压轴承;半速涡动;双低频;低频共振
中图分类号:TH117文款标识码:A文章编号:0254-0150(2014)6-042-7
ExperimentalResearchonSingle-span-fourDiscStructure
StabilitySupportedbyHydrostaticGasBearing BianShuang'WangJide'YangJinfu?HaoLong'HanDongjiang
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(1. School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206 , China;
2. Institute of Engineering Thermo Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China)
Abstract: The vibration characteristics of the bearing-rotor system was investigated in a single-span-four disc structure rotor test bed supported by hydrostatic gas bearing. Using the vibration test and analysis methods, such as the orbit of shaft center, time domain analy-sis, spectrogram etc, , the nonlinear dynamics phenomena, such as half-speed whirl, double low-frequeney, sub-synchronous resonance etc. were presented. The change of the half-speed whirl, double low-frequency, sub-synchronous resonance with the rotating speed wa Kouanbaigmor o apde a suoear rosiaon aaaua Aaanbay mo[ pue ouanbany arod oy sskeue aaeenb a aae pazkeue increased resulting in the speed drop. Higher rate in speeding process can avoid low-frequency vibrations; lower rates in slowing process can also cause half-speed whirl and double low-frequency vibration phenomenon.
Keywords: hydrostatic gas bearing; half-speed whirl; double low-frequency; sub-synchronous resonance
气体润滑技术是20世纪中期迅速发展起来的一项高新技术,气体轴承就是基于气体润滑技术开发出的核心产品。与滚动轴承及油润滑滑动轴承相比,气体轴承具有速度高、精密度高、摩擦损耗小等优点,在涡轮增压器、微型燃气轮机、透平膨胀机等领域获
*基金项目:国家科技支撑项目(2012BAA11B00)。收稿日期:2013-10-21
作者简介:下双(1964一),女,副教授,主要从事汽轮机转子安全稳定运行的研究,E-mail:bs@ncepuedu.cn
通讯作者:王绩德(1989),男,硕士研究生,从事轴承-转子系统稳定性研究,E-mail:ohdilwjd@163.com
得了广泛应用(1-2)。美国Capstone公司在30~250kW 微型燃气轮机上采用箔片动压气体润滑轴承,其工作转速为6×10°~9.6×10*/min;韩国LG公司将箔片动压气体润滑轴承应用于小型高速离心机,设计转速也达5×10°r/min;中国科学院理化技术研究所研制的气体轴承透平膨胀机被广泛应用于气体制冷、液化和分离设备[3-4]。
随着旋转机械的高速化,采用气体润滑的高速转子在特定条件下会失去稳定性,轴承内形成的压力膜流固耦合特性会使转子系统呈现出一些非线性行为。针对轴系运行稳定性,李树森等("}将静压气体轴承等